英汉动物词汇的文化内涵及其翻译_英语论文

The Cultural Differences of Animal Words in Chinese and English and Their Translation

摘要

动物是人类的朋友。在人类社会发展进程中，动物一直扮演着不可或缺的角色。人类语言中存在着丰富的动物词语。

语言是文化的载体, 不同民族的语言使世界上的文化呈现出千姿百态、精彩纷呈的局面。词汇作为语言的基本单位，是语言中最积极、最活跃的一个部分，英汉两种语言中的动物词汇也不例外，而这些动物词语尤其是相关的习语具有丰富的文化内容。 中国和英语国家在各自漫长的历史进程中，由于宗教信仰、风俗习惯和历史文化等文化差异，两者与动物相关的词汇、文化内涵存在差别。

本文通过对一些相同动物词语的文化内涵在汉语和英文中的褒义贬义进行对比分析, 并阐述了差异的原因。最后探讨不同情况下应采取的翻译方法。

关键词: 动物词语；文化内涵；对比分析；翻译

Abstract

Animals are friends of human beings. In the process of human society development, animals have been playing an indispensable role. There are abundant animal words in human languages.

Language, which is regarded as the carrier and container of the culture, takes on the fantastic mix and wonderful variety of the world cultures. Being the basic unit in a language, vocabulary is the most positive and the most active part. There is no exception about the English and Chinese languages in the animal vocabulary. These animal words, especially the relevant idioms, have rich cultural content. In the long history process of Chinese and English countries, due to the cultural differences of religious beliefs, customs, history and culture, there are differences in the animal-related words, cultural connotations.

This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of the cultural connotations of the same animal words in their commendatory and derogatory in Chinese and English, and expounds the reasons for the differences. Finally, the writer will discuss the translation methods that should be taken in different situations.

Key words: animal words; cultural connotation; comparative analysis; translation

Contents

Acknowledgmentsi

Abstract & Key words in Englishii

Abstract & Key words in Chineseiii

Introduction 1

1.Comparative study of animalwords in Chinese and English 2

1.1 Positive meanings in Chinese & Negative meanings in English 2

    1.1.1 龙 and Dragon 2

        1.1.2 牛 and Bull 3

    1.1.3 蝙蝠and Bat 4

        1.1.4 孔雀 and Peacock 4

        1.1.5 喜鹊 and Magpie 4

    1.2 Negative meanings in Chinese & Positive meanings in English 5

1.2.1 狗 and Dog 5

1.2.2 熊 and Bear 6

      1.2.3 猫头鹰 and Owl6

     1.2.4 杜鹃and Cuckoo6

     1.2.5 蟋蟀 and Cricket.7

2.Reasons for cultural differences in animal words.7

  2.1 Religion7

  2.2 Custom.8

  2.3 History8

    2.4 Environment.9

    2.5Aesthetics10

3. Translation methods of animal words.11

     3.1 Literal translation 12

 3.2 Free translation 12

Conclusion 13

References 14