从马斯洛需求层次理论分析《傲慢与偏见》中简·奥斯汀的婚姻观_英语论文

On Jane Austen’s view of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice A Perspective from Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs

摘要

简·奥斯汀是十八世纪英国著名的小说家，婚姻和爱情是她的主要创作主题。《傲慢与偏见》是她的代表作，描述了几对青年的婚姻反映了当时的人们对婚恋观也体现了她对婚姻独特的见解：幸福的婚姻需要爱情的滋润，一定的经济基础，还需要门当户对，因此婚姻是理性和感性的有机结合。本文运用马斯洛需要层次理论分析《傲慢与偏见》中的不同角色结婚的动机及不同婚姻所能满足的需求揭示出简·奥斯汀的婚恋观。 

关键词：需要层次；婚恋观；财产；社会地位；爱情

Abstract 

Jane Austen (1775--1817) is a famous English novelist in 18th century. Marriage and love are the major themes of her works. Pride and Prejudice, her magnum opus which depicts several marriages reflects people’s view on marriage and also her personal view: in order to attain a happy marriage, love, wealth and social status should be considered. Marriage is the dynamic combination of emotion and reason. This thesis focuses on analyzing different motives towards marriage as well as the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of different characters from the aspect of Maslow’s needs theory to find out Austen’s view on marriage.

Keywords: Hierarchy of Needs; view of love and marriage; property; social status; love

Contents

1. Introduction 1

    1.1 The Summary of Pride and Prejudice 1

    1.2 Jane Austen’s Emotional Life 1

    1.3Women’s Marriage Life around 19th Century 2

    1.4 Research Focus 2

    1.5 Research Method 2

2: Literature Review 4

    2.1 Previous Research Findings 4

    2.2 Psychology of Literature 4

    2.3 Human Motivation 4

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 6

    3.1. The Basic Needs 6

    3.2 The Advanced Needs 7

    3.3 Aesthetic Need and Cognitive Need 7

4. Austen’s View of Marriage 8

    4.1 Different Motivations toward Marriage 8

        4.1.1 To Satisfy the Basic Needs 8

        4.1.2 To Satisfy the Advanced Needs 8

    4.2 Different Types of Marriages in Pride and Prejudice 9

        4.2.1 Rational Marriage 10

        4.2.2 Emotional Marriages 10

        4.2.3 The Perfect Marriages in Austen’s Mind 12

5. Conclusion 14

    5.1 Austen’s view of Marriage and Marlow’s Needs Theory 14

5.2 Research Significance 14

5.3Researchlimitaion.14

References 15