浅谈最低工资对本国经济发展的影响_英语论文 

A Brief Study on the Influence of Minimum Wage on China’s Economic Development

摘要

最低工资制度是指劳动者在法定工作时间、或依法签订的劳动合同约定的工作时间内，提供了正常劳动的前提下,用人单位依法应支付的最低劳动报酬的制度。最低工资制度作为一项社会保障制度,对保障低收入劳动者个人及其家庭成员的基本生活需要、缩小贫富差距和维护社会公平发挥了积极作用。目前世界上所有发达国家和绝大部分发展中国家都以立法的形式实行了最低工资制度,我国于1994年亦以国家法律形式确立开始实施，由于我国实行最低工资制度较晚，现在仍处于完善阶段。与此相对，国外对最低工资制度的研究比较深入、丰富,为我国最低工资制度的实施提供了坚实的理论基础。但是西方的研究成果没有考虑到我国目前的社会环境和经济环境，有其局限性。

本文先分析最低工资制度在国内外的发展现状，讨论并研究最低工资存在的合理性及消极影响，以及该制度在发展过程中存在的问题。通过研究最低工资对本国经济发展的影响，从全局出发而非局限于某个行业，立足于我国的具体国情，抓住当前经济形势的背景进行探索。本文目的在于，借鉴国外实践经验和发展趋势，结合本国国情，为我国最低工资制度的进一步完善献言献策。

关键词：最低工资  中国经济发展  合法权益

Abstract

Minimum wage is the lowest hourly, daily or monthly remuneration that employers may legally pay to workers on the premise that workers make their normal labor contributions within the statutory working time or working hours regulated by legally signed labor contract. As a part of the social security system, it plays an active role in safeguarding the basic needs of low-income workers，narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor, and maintaining social equality. Until now, all the developed countries and most developing countries have implemented the minimum wage system in the form of legislation. In 1994, this internationally accepted system also came into effect in the shape of national legislation in China. Due to the late start, minimum wage still needs to be improved in China. Researches abroad on minimum wage are thorough and abundant, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the practical implementation. However, the studies of the West didn’t take China’s current social and economic environment into account, so their research results have limitations.

This thesis will analyze the recent development of the minimum wage system both at home and abroad, the positive and negative effects, and problems existing in the development. When studying the influence of minimum wage on China’s economic development, this paper will start from an overall angle rather than be limited to a certain industry. At the same time, this paper will grasp the economic situation based on China’s specific circumstance. According to the legislation abroad and its development trend, the paper aims to provide a number of propositions and inspiration to improve the country’s current situation.

Key words: minimum wage   China’s economic development   legitimate rights and interests

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 3

Chapter 2 Recent Development of Minimum Wage at Home and Abroad 4

2.1 Recent Development Abroad 4

2.1.1 Australia 4

2.1.2 The United States 5

2.1.3 Japan 5

2.2 Recent Development in China 6

2.3 Future Trends 7

Chapter 3 Influences of Minimum Wage on China’s Economic Development 9

3.1 Background 9

3.2 Positive Effects of Minimum Wage 9

3.2.1 Protecting Legitimate Interests of Laborers 10

3.2.2 Promoting Fair Allocation of Income 10

3.2.3 Improving Human Capital Investment 10

3.3 Negative Effects of Minimum Wage 11

3.3.1 Uncertain System Performance 11

3.3.2 Aggravated Unemployment 11

3.3.3 Distorted Market Mechanism 11

Chapter 4 Problems Existing in the Development 13

4.1 The Low-level Legislation and Weak Enforcement 13

4.2 Low Standard of Minimum Wage 13

4.3 The Limited Application Field 14

4.4 Ambiguous Context of Minimum Wage 14

4.5 Limited Range of Application 15

4.6 Suggestions 16

4.6.1 Strengthening Cultural Education and Employment Training 16

4.6.2 Optimizing the Industrial Structure 16

4.6.3 Raising the Level of Social Welfare 17

4.6.4 Strengthening the Force of Supervision 18

Chapter 5 Conclusion 19

Acknowledgments 20

References 21