E. M. Foster’ s Idea of Connection in Howards End_英语论文

摘要

福斯特在《霍华德庄园》一书中对当时社会的阶级差异和社会问题发表了观点，而其中的人文主义思想大约可以概括为“联结观”。福斯特的联结思想表明，一方面，工业革命促进了经济发展与社会进步，且工业文明的弊病可以通过文化来克服。文化与工业的联结不失为解决现代社会矛盾的一个途径。另一方面，追求文化需要一定的物质条件。霍华德庄园作为联系城市和乡村的纽带，表明了在城市化进程大势所趋情况下自然的重要性不容忽视。

本论文旨在通过六个方面分析作者所提出的社会矛盾和联结观。学习福斯特的联结思想有助于我们更好地理解社会弊端、人际关系以及物质与文化的深层关系。

关键词：E.M. 福斯特 《霍华德庄园》 联结观 怀旧 

Abstract

In Howards End, E.M.Foster 's humanistic idea towards understanding of class differences and social problems may be summed up as connection. Foster's idea of connection indicates that the industrialized revolution makes a significant impact on economic development and social progress, and the shortcomings of industrial civilization can be overcome by culture. The connection of culture and industry is a solution to solve the conflicts of modern society. For another, cultural pursuit needs certain material base. As a connection of countryside and city, the house Howards End shows the importance of nature under the circumstance that the trend of industrialization is inevitable. 

This thesis intends to focus on connection and conflicts he raised from six aspects. This topic helps us to think more about social problems and interpersonal relationships. Also, by studying this topic, we can understand the relationship between culture and material life better.

Key words: E.M Foster; Howards End; Connection; Nostalgia  

Contents

1.  Introduction1

1.1 Background.1                     

1.2 Significance.2

1.3 Layout.3

2. Literature Review.3

3. Foster’s Dream of Connection.5

3.1 The Cause of Formation of Foster’ s Idea of Connection.5

3.2 The Poorly Developed Hearts of Middle Class5

4. Conflicts and Connection in Howards End.7

4.1 Connection Realized by Marriage7

4.2 Connection between Male and Female10

4.3 Connection between Past and Modern Society .12

4.4.Connection between Material Life and Cultural Life13

4.5 Howards End --- the Connection of Nature and Industrial Life.14

4.6 The Feasibility of Connection15

5. Conclusion.16

Bibliography.17
Acknowledgements.18