论《我弥留之际》中卡什悲剧的原因

An Analysis of the Reasons of Cash’s Tragedy in As I Lay Dying

摘要

福克纳的作品《我弥留之际》和它其他的作品一样关注南方人民的生活，突出描写人民的存在状态，有许多的学者以存在主义去分析福克纳的作品。分析作品中人物对待自身的看法和生活的态度。《我弥留之际》的人物含有深刻的意义，小说中的一家其实是复杂社会有代表意义的缩影。每个人物的故事都能启发读者的思考。论文选择卡什作为主要分析对象，分析他的悲剧的原因。从这些原因中能够再一次加深对卡什这个人物的理解，同时能够理解卡什所代表的社会缩影，启发读者对这类人物的思考。

对卡什悲剧原因的分析，首先本篇论文说明卡什所经历的磨难是他外在的悲剧，他真正的悲剧在缺乏对自身的思考,是一个不能按照自我意志来做出选择的人。第一部分主要从卡什的自我选择与对人际关系的消极态度来讨论他悲剧的原因。第二部分以家庭之间缺乏同情与爱，从而导致的交流缺乏和身份认同困难来讨论悲剧的原因。第三部分联系故事背景，说明当时环境对南方人们心理状态的影响，分析卡什的心理状态与悲剧的联系。

关键词：《我弥留之际》  悲剧  卡什  

ABSTRACT

As I Lay Dying focused on as much as other Faulkner works in the lives of the people in the South of American. It highlights the existence of the people. Many scholars use existentialism to analyze Faulkner's works, such as analyzing the characters’ attitudes to life and themselves. The characters in As I Lay Dying have profound meanings. The one in the novel is actually a miniature representation of our complex society. Each character's story can inspire the reader's thinking. The paper selected Cash as the main analysis object and analyzed the causes of his tragedy. From these reasons, readers can deepen understanding of the character of Cash once again, and at the same time understand the miniature that Cash represents, which inspire readers to think more about such people.

To analyze the causes of Cash's tragedy, first of all, this paper shows that the hardships Cash experienced are his external tragedies. His true tragedy is a lack of self-thinking and he is a person who cannot make choices according to his own will. The first part mainly discusses the reasons for his tragedy from the choices of Cash and his negative attitude towards the interpersonal relationship. The second part discusses the causes of tragedy through the lack of sympathy and love between families, resulting in lack of communication and difficulties in identification. The third part touches on the background of the story, explains the influence of the environment on the psychological state of the people in the south of American, and analyzes the connection between the psychological state of Cash and the tragedy.

Key words: As I Lay Dying  Tragedy  Cash