中英祈使句句法语义对比研究_英语论文.doc
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中英祈使句句法语义对比研究_英语论文

Comparative Study on Syntax and Semantics of Chinese and  English Imperative Sentences  

摘 要

无论是在中文中还是在英文中,祈使句特征鲜明,是中英语句型中不可缺少的一部分。本研究在语言学领域中的句法和语义知识的背景下,旨在进一步了解中英两种语言中的祈使句,通过搜集中英两本小说中的祈使句作为语料,发现中英祈使句主语的特征,比较有鲜明否定词的中英文祈使句,分析中英祈使句语气的委婉程度。研究发现,英文祈使句主语分类更加鲜明,否定祈使句的否定词存在共性,中文特有的语气词使其语义更加多样化。

关键词:祈使句  主语  句法  语义

Abstract 

Whether in English or in Chinese, imperative sentence has distinct characteristics and it is also one of the most indispensable sentence patterns in Chinese and English languages. This study intends to get further understanding of imperative sentence in English and Chinese languages on basis of the knowledge of syntax and semantics. After collecting the corpus of the novels, the subject of imperative sentences are analyzed, imperative sentences in both Chinese and English with distinct negative words are compared. Also, the moods of imperative sentences are illustrated.

Study found that the classifications of the subject of English imperative sentences are more distinct. Also, negative words in both languages have something in common and the modal particles in Chinese imperative sentences make their semantics more various.

Keywords:imperative sentence  subject  semantics  syntax 

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