《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧命运分析

An Analysis of Tess’s Tragedy in Tess of the d’ Urbervilles

摘要

托马斯·哈代是英国杰出的现实主义作家、诗人, 他一生钟情于悲剧创作, 《德伯家的苔丝》是他最具魅力和内涵的作品之一。这部作品对农家女苔丝一生中的悲剧命运进行了阐述与描写, 塑造了一个被侮辱、被损害, 又不甘于命运摆布, 在邪恶的社会底层挣扎、反抗, 但终究摆脱不了悲剧命运的乡村妇女形象。本文就《德伯家的苔丝》中主人公苔丝的人生历程入手, 通过查找整理有关文献资料, 分别从社会环境、家庭背景、性格特征和作家因素四个方面分析导致苔丝悲剧命运的原因。通过分析不难发现, 苔丝的悲剧命运其实是各种相关因素共同作用的结果, 具有必然性。苔丝的悲剧命运代表着社会和农民阶层的悲剧, 她是当时社会道德标准的牺牲品。

关键词：苔丝；悲剧命运；原因分析

Abstract

Thomas Hardy is a great realistic writer and poet. He devoted his life to the creation of tragedy. In one of his most charming and connotative works—Tess of the d’ Urbervilles, he expounds with description on Tess, a farm girl’s tragic fate, and creates such an image that an insulted, damaged rural woman never yields to her destiny and struggles against the evil society but in the end she still cannot get rid of her tragedy. This paper begins with Tess’s life journey, analyzing the causes of her tragic fate respectively from the social environment, family background, personality traits and writer factor. It is not difficult to find out that the Tess’s tragic fate is inevitable, which is a result of the combination of various related factors. Tess’s tragic fate is the epitome of the tragedy of the social and peasant classes. She is a victim of social moral standards at that time.

Key words: Tess; tragic fate; causes analysis