刻意曲解的语用分析-以《生活大爆炸》为例

The Pragmatic Analysis of deliberate misinterpretation in The Big Bang Theory 

摘要

刻意曲解广泛存在于人类日常交流中, 是语言使用者为了达到某种特殊的交际目的，有意利用特定的特殊语境和对方话语中含糊的、不确定的表达方式，歪曲对方话语意图的语言现象, 是一种较为特殊的语用策略。刻意曲解作为一种特殊的语用策略具有其独特的语用功能。当前关于刻意曲解的研究，主要集中在它的语用分析、交际策略以及语用功能等方面。 

本文从刻意曲解的研究背景出发，以经典美剧《生活大爆炸》为语料，探讨分析刻意曲解的运行机制和具体语用功能。刻意曲解的运行机制主要表现在违反了格莱斯“会话含义理论”的“量的准则”和“方式准则”，从而导致的第二说话人的刻意曲解。因此，其语用功能也可概括为四点，即制造幽默效果、避免尴尬、维护面子和缓解矛盾。

关键词：《生活大爆炸》；刻意曲解；运行机制；语用功能

Abstract

Deliberate misinterpretation can be considered as a special utterance, widely existing in normal intercommunication. At the same time, it is also one kind of means to achieve communicational purposes and this kind of means were generated by using some linguistic structures and comprehension in certain contexts by the language users. Deliberate misinterpretation, which is quite a fascinating linguistic phenomenon has special pragmatic functions. And the present study is a pragmatic analysis of deliberate misinterpretation, which is understood as a communicative strategy in verbal communication, and discusses the functioning of deliberate misinterpretation. Therefore, this thesis studies the working mechanism and pragmatic functions of deliberate misinterpretation, based on quite a few examples of deliberate misinterpretation in Classic American TV drama The Big Bang Theory from the angle of pragmatics. In summary, in order to achieve some certain communication effects, such as creating humorous effect, mediating conflict, saving face and so on, deliberate misinterpretation is generally generated through the violation of the maxim of quantity and the maxim of manner of The Cooperative Principle. 

Key words:  The Big Bang Theory；deliberate misinterpretation;  the working mechanism; pragmatic functions