汉语“打”字短语的翻译及其文化反思_英语论文

A Study on the Translation of Chinese Expressions with “打” and their Cultural Reflections

摘要

翻译是运用一种语言（目标语）把另一种语言（源语言）所表达的内容重新地准确而完整地表达出来的语言活动。它不仅仅是将一种语言翻译为另一种语言，更是将一种语言所承载的文化迁移到另一种语言。随着中西方政治经济文化等各个方面交流的日益频繁，翻译的重要性日益显现，其准确性也受到越来越多的关注。短语的翻译是翻译的一大方面，是句子翻译的基础，只有准确地翻译好短语才能完成整个句子乃至语篇的翻译。“打”字短语在汉语中应用非常广泛。在各种汉语词典中，“打”字的词条可谓是最多的。不同的“打”字短语所对应的英文不尽相同；甚至相同的短语在不同的语境下所对应的英文翻译也是不同的。本文尝试在前人研究的基础上，将中文中不同义项的“打”字短语翻译为相应的英文。通过列举、中英文对照及整理归类等方式，找出这一现象背后所隐含的原因并进行文化反思，旨在减少中西交流中因文化差异造成的误解误译，以期对其他短语的翻译有借鉴意义。

关键词：中西方交流；短语翻译；“打”字短语；原因；文化反思

Abstract

Translation is a linguistic activity in which one language is used to reinterpret the thoughts and contents conveyed by another language accurately and completely. Translation involves not only changing one language into another but also carrying the culture that the language conveyed to another. With the increasing communication between China and western countries in politics, economy and culture, the significance of translation is arising. As a consequence, the accuracy of translation draws more attention. Expression translation, as a major part of translation, is the basic of sentence translation. Sentence translation or paragraph translation cannot be achieved unless expression translation is done correctly. Expressions with “打” are used widely in Chinese. In Chinese dictionaries, the entries for “打”can be the most. Different expressions with “打” can be translated into different English words; even the same expressions can be translated differently according to different contexts. This paper tries to translate different expressions with “打” into corresponding English phrases on the basis of former studies. By means of listing, Chinese-English comparison and classification, this paper tries to find out the reasons hidden from this phenomenon and make cultural reflections, aiming to reducing misunderstanding and mis-translating caused by cultural differences and providing reference for other expression translation.   

Key words: communication; expression translation; expressions with “打”; cultural reflections