《关雎》三种译本的翻译模因论分析.docx
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《关雎》三种译本的翻译模因论分析

A Memetic Analysis of Three English Versions of Guan Ju

Abstract

As the transmission of Chinese traditional culture has caught the attention of the world, the translation of Chinese traditional classics is necessarily an important subject of current application of Chinese-to-English translation. Memetic Theory is a new theory in modern translation studies that invents the law of cultural evolution borrowing the concept of Darwinian evolution, which lends extensive power to translators to look into translation process from a cultural-historic angle, and is consequently considered to be one of the most feasible translation theories that can be used to guide poetry translation. In view of this, this paper takes Guan Ju, the first and most well-known chapter of The Book of Songs, as an example, to compare and analyze the words, image, structure and rhyme of the three translation versions respectively by Legge, Xu and Pound from the perspective of Memetic Theory, in order to develop feasible translation strategies catering for Chinese classic poetry translation into English language.

Structurally, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part briefly introduces the notions and framework of Memetic Theory. The second part presents Professor He Ziran’s classification of memes, namely, the three types of memes: equivalence memes, correspondence memes and mutated memes, exemplified with respective correlative meme samples from the three versions so as to validate the applicability of those memes in the context of Chinese classic poetry translation. The third part analyzes the reasons for the difference of the translation from the aspects of culture and social backgrounds and the ideologies of the translators. The fourth part puts forward memetic strategies of traditional Chinese classic poetry translation at lexical, phonological and artistic level, respectively.

Based on the analysis and comparison of different types of memes in the three translated versions, we conclude that equivalence memes are more often applied when translators want to stress more on cultural nature, while mutated memes are associated with the translators who stress more on literary nature, and correspondence memes are more often used by the translators who are oriented to target readers. Strategically, translators are inclined to choose strategy of foreignization, domestication and alternative translation. The author of this paper holds that in the context of Chinese classic poetry translation, foreignization and literal translation are supposed to be applied to the translation in which equivalence memes and correspondence memes are more applicable so as to transmit traditional Chinese culture more effectively.

Key words: Memetic Theory; Chinese classic poetry translation; translation strategies

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