汉英习语的跨文化对比研究_英语论文

A Comparative Study on English and Chinese Idioms From a Cross-cultural Perspective

摘要

语言和文化密不可分，语言是文化的载体，文化对语言的发展也有很大影响。习语作为一种重要的语言形式，往往能很好地反映或体现出一个地区或一个国家的文化。文化差异是语言翻译的主要障碍，习语翻译是语言翻译中比较突出的问题。由于各国的思维方式不同，地理、历史、宗教及风俗等语言背景都存在差异，在跨文化交际中习语的翻译成为语言翻译中的难点。如何有效地向译入语读者传达原语中习语所蕴含的意义，同时又能保持其在原语中的文化内涵成为习语翻译的关键。

本文从跨文化角度对英汉习语进行比较研究，首先分析了习语、语言与文化的关系，再通过举例比较了英汉习语的相似之处和差异，并从中英习语的文化冲突、文化分歧和文化空缺等方面具体分析了英汉习语的差异。最后针对不同的情况提出相应的习语翻译方法，包括直译法、直译法加注释、借入法、意译法。

关键词：习语 文化 翻译

Abstract

Language and culture are inseparable. Language is the carrier of culture, and culture has a great influence on the development of language. Idioms, as an important form of language, often reflect the culture of a region or a country. The cultural difference is the main obstacle of language translation, and the translation of idioms is a prominent problem in the language translation. Because of the different ways of thinking in different countries, and the differences of geography, history, religion, customs and so on, the translation of idioms in intercultural communication becomes a difficult point in language translation. How to effectively convey the meaning of idioms of the source language to the target language readers, while retaining their cultural connotation in the source language is the key to idioms translation.

This thesis comparatively studies English and Chinese idioms from a cross-cultural perspective. It analyzes the similarities and the discrepancies of the idioms of English and Chinese. At the same time, it divided the discrepancies of English and Chinese idioms into 3 aspects: the conflict, the divergence and the blankness, which help us have a better understanding of the influence of cultural differences on English and Chinese idioms. Finally, it puts forward three translation methods: literal translation, literal translation and supplementary instruction, borrowing and free translation.

Key words: idioms Culture Translation

Contents

Chapter one Introduction 1

Chapter two Culture, Language and Idioms 1

2.1 Language and Culture 2

2.2 Idioms and Culture 3

Chapter three The Similarities and Discrepancies between English and Chinese Idioms 4

3.1.Similarities between English and Chinese Idioms 4

3.2 Discrepancies between Chinese and English Idioms 6

3.2.1 Conflict of Cultural Meaning between English and Chinese Idioms 6

3.2.2 Divergence of Cultural Meaning between English and Chinese Idioms. 7

3.2.3 Blankness of Cultural Meanings between English and Chinese Idioms. 8

Chapter four Idioms Translation 10

4.1 Literal Translation. 10

4.2 Literal Translation and Supplementary Instruction 11

4.3 Borrowing 12

4.4 Free Translation 13

Chapter 5 Conclusion 14

Bibliography 14