Abstract

In current China, the popularization of higher education has created more opportunities of further education for the young, which improves the quality of Chinese population. However, numerous problems have gradually been exposed during the process, hindering the further development of China. Though to increase the enrollment of higher education in a short time leads to the short-term achievement of reaching the standard of mass higher education, the side effects have contributed to a series of problems, such as the falling of teaching quality and the lack of the awareness of being elites among college students. The US is one of the countries which provide the best higher education in the world. Through its process of popularization of higher education, its elite education has also developed and reached a new high. Using the experience of the development of America’s higher education as a reference, I have done further research on elite cultivation mode of the American educational system and present some ways to lay equal stress on mass higher education and elite education, adjusting to our national conditions. Only after conquering the restrictions occurred in the process and improving the teaching quality and students’ performance in colleges and universities, will elite education be efficiently implemented in China and make a difference.

Keywords: educational reform, America’s elite education, China’s mass higher education

摘要

在当前中国，当我们享受高等教育大众化带给年轻人更多升学机会的同时，其暴露的问题也日益成为阻碍我们社会进一步发展的绊脚石。匆忙的高等教育扩招带来短期的指标效益，却忽视了其深层存在的不合理因素，使得高校教学质量下降，大学生成才意识薄等问题越来越严重，最终导致中国高等教育大众化的精英难产。而美国作为当今世界高等教育最为发达的国家之一，其教育成就斐然。在推进高等教育大众化的过程中，美国的精英教育也得到了充分的发展。本人借鉴美国高等教育发展的经验，认为中国应该走大众化教育与精英教育并重发展的道路，并探究美国学生的成才模式，切实结合中国国情加以分析总结具体方式。只有努力克服一些制约因素，提升大学的教学水准，并提升学生自身成才意识，才能使精英教育在高等教育大众化阶段发挥重要作用。

关键词：教育改革，美国精英教育，中国高等教育大众化