摘要

电影，作为一种艺术形式，并不是一种纯娱乐、纯商业的行为，其中包含了丰富的文化内容，是文化的一个直观载体。一个国家、一个民族的文化都可以在它的电影中得到淋漓尽致的体现。中国脍炙人口的南北朝乐府民歌《木兰辞》被美国迪斯尼公司搬上了荧幕，制作成了大型动画片《Mulan》，在全球赢得了票房佳绩。这部电影虽然取材于古老的东方故事，却被赋予了浓厚的美国文化色彩。本文通过美国人类学家夫妇 Clyde Florence Kluckhohn 和他们的同事Frederick Strodtbeck经过多年的研究得出了一套文化对比方式，从人性、人与自然的关系、时间取向、活动类型、和人际社会关系五个角度对比分析了《木兰辞》与电影《Mulan》中体现出来的中西方文化的差异。同时，本文还试图激发人们欣赏电影时的文化敏感度，增强人们对不同文化的认识与了解，从而为跨文化交际能够有效的进行提供借鉴和帮助。

关键字： 《木兰辞》， 《Mulan》， 文化， 差异， 对比

Abstract

Movie, as a form of art, embodying abundant cultural elements, goes beyond entertainment and profit and works as an ideal culture vehicle. The culture of a nation can be portrayed vividly in its movies. The Chinese ballad Ode of Mulan was shot by Walt Disney Company as a cartoon “Mulan”, which gained great success in the world. Although the movie was taken from ancient Chinese story, it was tinted with American culture. Through comparison and analysis of Chinese ballad Ode of Mulan and the American movie Mulan, the paper intends to compare the Chinese and American culture, by using American scholars Clyde and Florence Kluckhohn and Frederick Strodtbeck’s model on human nature, man-nature, time, activity and social orientations. Meanwhile, it is hope that it may arouse their cultural sensitivity and enrich their knowledge of other cultures when people enjoy movies, which would ensure the effectiveness of intercultural communication.

Key words: Ode of Mulan, Mulan, culture, differences, comparison

1  Introduction
“Culture” has been defined in many ways. Hofstede points out that “culture is the collective programming of mind which distinguishes the members of one group or society from those of another” (qtd in Xu Lisheng, 2004, p. 107). Culture consists of the patterns of thinking and reflects in the meanings people attach to various aspects of life and their way of looking at the world and their values. We recognize that in any culture consisting of a large number of people, the while range of possible human values and behaviors will probably be found, if only in a few individuals (Xu Lisheng, 2004, p. 88). When we talk of American or French or Chinese values, we mean those which predominate within that group; those which are held by enough of its members to make the values an evident and prominent part of the culture as a whole. Culture, although basically resident in people’s minds, becomes crystallized in the institutions and tangible products of society, which reinforce the mental program in their turn.