摘    要

在比较和分析了中西宗教建筑的空间、地域特点和宗教建筑反映的文化特点的基础上, 指出了中国文化中思维的兼容的崇人性和西方文化中思维的逻辑崇天性是导致中西宗教建筑文化差异的重要原因之一。中西宗教建筑文化的相互补充, 并不断创新, 才能促进中西宗教建筑文化的进一步发展。
宗教是人类历史上一种古老而又普遍的文化现象, 在人类的文明中都占有一席之地。宗教(作为思想体系) 和哲学一样, 都处于人类文化的核心, 代表着人类文化的深层结构。中西文化是有差异的,有人把中国文化称为儒家文化或儒教文化, 把西方文化称为基督教文化。那么宗教在不同文化中的地位是什么样的呢?
中西文化艺术精神文明相异之源，前贤先哲探讨颇丰，但将中西宗教建筑特点与文化背景所对比的并不在多。中西宗教建筑所蕴含的文化异趣是其一支流，从一支流对比进而知大海，中西宗教大异与崇天和崇人。由表象进而深入本质，比较研究文化学的题中之意。

关键词：建筑，宗教，文化，中国，西方

ABSTRACT

Based on comparing and analyzing the space, location and cultural characters of religious architecture between China and the Occident, this article points out the main reasons which results in the difference of religious architectural culture between China and the Occident is the compatible man-based worship of China and the logical god focused worship. Only through complement and innovation can religious architectural culture between China and the Occident reach a new height.
Religion is an ancient history of mankind and common cultural phenomenon, it plays an important role in human culture. Philosophy and Religion are both vital to human civilization, they represent the deep structure of human civilization. There are differences between Chinese and western culture, so how does religion behave in different culture?
The origin of Chinese and Western culture difference has been discussed more than once in the past years, but few of them have put religious characters and cultural background together. The cultural differences between Chinese and Western religious architecture are just a branch of this ocean wide subject, in this article we’ll see through this ocean by analyzing a small branch: Chinese worship of ancestors and Western worship of gods. In this way, we’ll discuss the deeper meaning of cultural differences between China and the Occident.

Key words：Architecture, Culture, Religion, China, The Occident