Abstract

In the history of the United States, 1960s were a time of social upheaval. Civil Rights Movement, New Left Movement, Feminist Movement and Anti-war Movement all broke out. The chaotic period of the United States came. Then Hippies, a group of youngster who lost in the complex material world but still hold their hopes to pursue their spiritual world, gradually appeared. Most of Hippies came from middle-class families, and they had grown up in the wealthy environment. Owing to the satisfaction in materialistic happiness, Hippies would like to go for more fulfillments of spirit. They held the view that they had duty to fight for the freedom and the equality of America. But they were a group of younkers who had no privilege to solve social problems or no clear goal of their real desire. Therefore, the Hippie Movement failed finally. Although the Hippie Movement became a part of American history, the spirit of Hippies left as valuable treasures to the later generation.
Through reading plenty of materials, this thesis attempts to discuss about the Hippie Movement and the enlightenment of it. The first part will discuss the background of the Hippie Movement to dig out the cause for it. The second part will talk about the three main characteristics of Hippies, including distinctive clothing they liked, rock music which was the best way to express their feelings and literature, especially black humor, the Hippies preferred at that time. At the last part, the paper will show the influence and enlightenment Hippies left for the later generation. On the sides of anti-war, environment protection and opposing constraint, Hippies made great contributions.

Key words: the Hippie Movement; background; enlightenment

摘  要

在美国的历史长河中，上世纪60年代是充满了社会动乱。民权运动，新左派运动，女权运动以及反战运动相继爆发。美国的混乱时期到来，而后嬉皮士出现了,他们是一群迷失在繁复的物质世界中而又始终坚持去追求精神世界的年轻人。大多数的嬉皮士来自中产阶级家庭，他们在富有的环境中长大。因为在物质上已经得到了极大满足，嬉皮士们更愿意去追求精神上的满足。嬉皮士们认为自己有义务去争取美国人民的自由权和平等权。但他们只是一群没有特权解决社会矛盾和自己真正明确目标的年轻人。因此，嬉皮士运动最终失败了。尽管嬉皮士运动已化作历史的一部分，嬉皮士的精神却作为宝贵的财富留给了后世。
本论文将通过阅读大量的材料，探讨嬉皮士运动及其所蕴含的启示。第一部分将会探讨嬉皮士运动发生的背景以及起因。第二部分将介绍嬉皮士文化的三个主要特征，包括那个时期他们穿戴的奇装异服，用来表达他们情感的最好方式——摇滚乐，以及嬉皮士最喜欢的黑色幽默文学。在本文最后一个部分将会展示出嬉皮士所留给后人的影响和启示。他们在反战、反压抑和环境保护方面都做出了卓越贡献。

关键词：嬉皮士运动；背景；启示