Abstract

Cultural conflicts appear to be a complicated and prevailing phenomenon in intercultural communication. Though the conflict seems to come out of nowhere, underlying cause may lie behind the appearance. Therefore, how to differentiate cultural differences effectively and resolve cultural conflicts becomes an important matter studied by scholars at home and abroad. Intercultural conflicts refer to confrontation and conflicts between various cultural types, a unique phenomenon of rejection and opposition that exists in different cultures and subcultures. In intercultural communication，exactly what causes conflict is the main issue this paper research into.
Babel, a representative film work displaying intercultural conflicts, highlights this phenomenon. America, Morocco, Mexico and Japan, four countries with distinctive uniqueness and varied cultures, add to the possibility of intercultural conflicts when their cultures meet with each other. This thesis authentically transcribes conversations in Babel, reserving those spelling, grammatical and lexical errors. The conflict is divided into two types, one inter-national and the other one intra-national. It intends to analyze and study conversations in Babel from the perspective of Conversation Analysis in an attempt to explore how the turn-taking of speech, personal speaking style as well as conversational strategies reflect cultural conflicts taking place in intercultural communication. After an analysis of conversations, features that reveal intercultural conflict would be exposed, along with reasons that explain the phenomenon of intercultural conflicts, for instance, cultural bias, different values and the collision between a strong culture and a mild culture. Ultimately, the author summarizes reasons accounting for the emergence of cultural conflicts, revealing limitations of the present study and pointing out the direction for future research.

Key words: Intercultural Conflict, Babel, Conversation Analysis

摘要

文化冲突一直是跨文化交际中一个复杂而普遍存在的现象。冲突看似产生于不经意之间，在其表象之下却总有着深层的文化原因。因此，如何有效地识别文化差异，化解文化冲突便成为跨文化交际中国内外学者研究的重要问题。跨文化冲突是指不同文化类型间的对抗和冲突，属于一种特殊的排斥、对立现象，主要存在于不同文化和亚文化。在跨文化交际中，冲突究竟是由什么原因引起的,将是本文探究的主要问题。
《通天塔》作为电影领域表现文化冲突的代表作品，更是很好地突出了这一现象。美国、摩洛哥、墨西哥、日本这四个国家的文化，各自具有其独特性，各种文化在客观上也存在着差异。当具有不同特性的文化发生碰撞时，就增加了文化冲突的可能性。本文对电影《通天塔》中的人物对话进行了真实的转录，保留了其中拼写、语法、词汇等错误。文中将冲突类型划分国际范围和国内范围两种，并使用会话分析理论，旨在探究电影中人物的话轮转换、人物会话风格以及会话策略等如何体现了跨文化交际中发生的文化冲突现象。并通过对会话的分析，探究会话都具有哪些特征可以揭露出文化冲突，并解释了发生跨文化冲突的原因，如：文化偏见，价值观的不同，强文化与弱文化的碰撞等。最后，在总结归纳文化冲突原因的基础上提出了研究的局限性以及未来研究的方向。

关键词： 跨文化冲突，《通天塔》，会话分析