摘要

伴随着经济和互联网的不断发展，全球化进程不断加快，跨文化交际已经成为全世界各国人民交流的必不可少的重要手段之一。与此同时，由于各个国家地理风貌，历史文化，社会环境等的差异，导致各国人民思维和价值观的差异，他们的交际往往会遇到障碍。交际双方深受其本族文化的影响，可能会将自己民族的文化规约和语言知识带入其交际行为中。这样就会导致交际一方无法正确理解另一方想要表达的真实意图，也无法表达自己的想法和见解。语用失误由此产生，并已经被认为是影响跨文化交际的一个重要原因。相比于交际一方在语法词汇方面所犯的错误，语用失误更加严重，更容易造成交际双方在交流中的不愉快。所以，对跨文化交际中的语用失误的研究已经成为一个重要课题。本文旨在对跨文化交际中的语用失误的表现和产生的原因进行分析，试图克服跨文化交际中的语用失误，以便推进跨文化交际。

关键词：跨文化交际；语用失误；语言语用失误；社交语用失误

Abstract

With the continuous development of the economy and the Internet, and the acceleration of process of globalization, cross-cultural communication has become one of the indispensable and important means of communication among peoples of the world. At the same time, due to different geographical features, history, culture, social environment among different countries, leading to differences in peoples’ thinking and values, they often encounter barriers to communication. Both sides of the communicators are deeply influenced by their own culture and often bring its cultural norms and language knowledge into behavior, which will lead to the situation that communicators can not properly understand each other's communicative intentions and express their true thoughts and opinion. Pragmatic failure results and has been recognized as an important cause of influencing cross-cultural communication. Compared to communication errors committed in one's vocabulary and grammar, pragmatic failure is more severe and more likely to cause the unpleasant experience when communicating with each other. Therefore, the research of cross-cultural pragmatic failure has become an important issue. This article aims to analyze the performance and reason of cross-cultural pragmatic failures, trying to overcome the cross-cultural pragmatic failure to promote cross-cultural communication.

Key Words: cross-cultural communication; pragmatic failure; pragmalinguistic failure; sociopragmatic failure