摘  要

在英国文学史上，《傲慢与偏见》和《简•爱》一直被奉为经典爱情之作。在世界上，他们是真爱的象征。其作者简.奥斯丁与夏洛特.勃朗特也因此在19世纪享有相当盛誉。自这两部小说出版以来，两部小说的主角，即伊丽莎白和简爱，在当代甚至是现代社会都备受青睐。《傲慢与偏见》中的伊莉莎白和《简•爱》中的简爱是文学史上两个杰出的女性角色，这两部作品都反映了英国十八世纪末至十九世纪初女性的生活，表现了其对命运不屈服的的精神。通过对两位主人公的分析，本文发现他们有许多共同点。除此之外，这两位人物对婚恋观以及爱情观均持有不同观点。而且，她们各自的家庭社会背景也不同。她们有许多相似的优秀品质也有不同的缺点。本文首先会详细地阐述两个女性角色的相似处与不同点，同时本文会指出两位作者创作的共性——女权主义色彩；接着引出造成这种差异的原因是作者主体个性的差异以及所处环境的不同。作者夏洛蒂•勃朗特与简•奥斯汀的社会背景，是探索两个女性角色产生的社会根源，从简爱和伊丽莎白的性格特征中也一定程度反映了作者所处社会与时代的社会现象,女性的地位以及她们的思想状况。从人物对比中反映出，随着时间的推移，女性的地位和思想在当代也有了提升。

关键词：简爱；伊丽莎白；社会背景；性格特点；对比

Abstract

Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre are always regarded as the typical works standing for true love all around the world in the British literature. Their authors --- Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte are both remarkable women writers in the 19th-century. Since the publication of these two famous works, the heroines of Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre, namely, Elizabeth Bennet and Jane Eyre have been enjoying enormous popularity among the contemporary century even in the modern society currently. Elizabeth and Jane Eyre are two of the world’s greatest female characters. These two works reflect the lives of female in late 18th century to early 19th century in Britain and show their spirit of never giving up hope to the tough destiny. By analyzing the two heroines, the thesis finds that they have something in common. The comparison also shows that Elizabeth and Jane Eyre are two heroines who are different in their characters and attitudes toward love and marriage. So do their social backgrounds. In the beginning of this thesis, the author will explain the similarities and differences in these two characters, and then the feminism will be pointed out as the two authors’ common part. This thesis at last makes an inquiry into the reasons for their differences. It can be concluded that their differences are a combined result of the different social and family backgrounds and personalities of the two writers. In short, both Elizabeth Bennet and Jane Eyre reflect the social realities to some extent, women’s position and women’s female consciousness in the certain period their creators were in. The comparison presents the improvement of women’s position and women’s female consciousness with the passage of time.

Key words: Elizabeth Bennet；Jane Eyre; social backgrounds；personalities; comparison