摘要

废奴主义文学出现在19世纪30－50年代，是一个以揭露奴隶制罪恶和废除为目的的美国资产阶级进步文学潮流，   美国女作家斯托夫人的小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》（Uncle Tom’s Cabin）于1852年出版后，立即成为当时最畅销的小说，在国内外引起了巨大的反响。在美国，这本书一年内就印行了一百多版，被改编成剧本，上演达数千次之多，后几度搬上银幕，吸引成千上万的观众。斯托夫人的这部杰出作品把废奴文学的创作推向高潮，无论从思想性和艺术感染力，还是从产生影响看，它都应被视为废奴文学的最高成就。这本书对当时的废奴主义运动起了巨大的推动作用，对美国历史产生强烈的影响，在一定的程度上推动了南北战争的爆发。
本文通过对这部小说两位男性主人公各自命运的探讨，来揭示当时奴隶制度的残酷，种族主义的冷血以及黑人所受到的不公正待遇，同时也表明，在面对压迫时，黑人应该选择乔治式的反抗，而不是汤姆叔叔式的忍受。
本论文共包括三个主要部分。第一部分主要介绍汤姆叔叔和青年乔治的经历，并对两个进行一个简单的对比。第二部分主要分析两个主人公的象征意义，并进行一个简单的总结。第三部分主要论述本书对现实的一些指导意义重申论点。

关键词： 汤姆叔叔的小屋; 奴隶制度; 种族主义; 抗争 

Abstract

Abolitionist literature appears in the 19th century 30-50 years,  is progressive literature of American bourgeois, which is on the purpose of exposing the evil of slavery and the abolition of slavery.American female writer Mrs. Stowe’s novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” in 1852 published immediately become the best-selling novel, at home and abroad has caused great repercussions. In the U.S., this book is only printed within a year had more than 100 times, is adapted into a screenplay, perform thousands of times, and later adapt for the screen several times, attracting thousands of spectators. Mrs. Stowe’s work has culminated of abortionist literature.  In terms of ideological content and artistic influence, or from the impact point of view, it should be considered the highest achievements of abortionist literature. This book plays a tremendous role in promoting the abortionist movement, and has a strong influence on American history, A certain extent, promote the outbreak of the Civil War.
Base on the discuss of the two protagonists of their own destiny, to reveal the brutality of slavery at that time, Cold-blooded racist and unfair treatment that Blacks suffered, at the same time I want show that, in the face of oppression, the black should choose resistance like George, not to choose tolerance like Uncle Tom.
This thesis includes three main sections. The first part introduces Uncle Tom’s experience and young George, and makes a simple comparison for two. The second part of the symbolism of the two heroes, and make a simple conclusion. The third part discusses the book on the real meaning of some guidance, reiterated arguments.

Key words: Uncle Tom’s Cabin ; Slavery; Racism; Fight