Abstract:

William Faulkner (1897--1962) is a novelist whose works feature his native state of Mississippi. He is regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 20th century and is awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize for Literature. Faulkner created a lot of novels called the Yoknapatapha saga by Malcolm Cowley. Go Down, Moses is Faulkner’s 13th novel which consists of seven sections and “The Bear” is the greatest and best one. By studying Faulkner’s GO Down, Moses, especially studying The Bear as a major object, the paper shows three aspects of Faulkner’s eco-criticism. Through the analysis of the conflict between human beings and nature, the paper reveals the damage that industrial society does to the ecology, reflects Faulkner’s ecological ideology and shows his worries and anxiety about human’s destruction of nature. Finally the paper makes a conclusion: human beings should respect nature and live harmoniously with nature.

Key words:   Eco-criticism;  Man and Nature;　industrial society；destruction

摘  要：

威廉-福纳克（1897-1962）是一位以自己的家乡为主要写作背景的作家。他是20世纪最富有影响力的作家，并在1949年获得诺贝尔文学奖.福克纳创作了许多小说，《去吧，摩西》是福克纳的第十三部小说.福克纳的这些小说曾被马尔科姆-考利称为“约克纳帕塌法”世系小说。《去吧，摩西》由七篇短篇小说构成，《熊》是其中的一篇，并且《熊》被认为是福克纳所写的最伟大的短篇小说。通过学习福克纳的小说集《去吧，摩西》，本文以其中的一部短篇小说《熊》为主要研究对象,展示了福克纳生态批评的三个方面。本文通过分析人与自然之间的矛盾冲突，揭示当时工业社会对自然生态的破坏与摧残，反映了福克纳的生态主义思想观，最终展现了福克纳对人类对生态破坏行为的担忧和焦虑。福克纳表达了他的生态批评观：自然不属于人类，人类应该保护自然并与自然和谐相处。

关键词： 生态批评；人与自然；工业社会；破坏