Abstract

The Industrial Revolution is an important stage in the history of human development, and it has created a huge productivity and made social outlook a world-shaking change. The industrial revolution also has profound influence on the social ideology. At that time many people held an attitude of opposition and suspect to industrial civilization, litterateurs express their reminiscence of traditional agricultural civilization and criticism of the new industrial order through literature. Far from the Madding Crowd created by English writer Thomas Hardy is one of the representative works of this type.
This thesis mainly deals with the contradiction between industrial civilization and traditional agricultural civilization as well as the damage to the agricultural civilization caused by industrial revolution from three aspects. Firstly, it introduces the basic information of Thomas Hardy and Far from the Madding Crowd, including the story line and characters; Secondly, it states the information of the Industrial Revolution and its profound effects on different fields of British society; Thirdly, it analyzes the influence and reflection of Industrial Revolution on the creation of the novel, such as reflection of the industrial traits in characters and environmental description of the novel. Finally, the thesis comes to the conclusion that the rise of the Industrial Revolution and its erosion to the traditional agricultural civilization is the direct cause of the creation of the novel. In return, the theme of the novel is to express cherishing to agricultural civilization and critique of industrial civilization.
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Key words: Industrial Revolution; agriculture civilization; effects; reflection

摘  要

工业革命是人类发展历史上一个重要阶段，工业革命创造了巨大生产力，使社会面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化 。工业革命也对社会思潮产生了深刻影响,当时许多人士对工业文明持反对与质疑的态度，许多文学家纷纷通过文学作品来寄托对传统农业文明的怀念和对新建立的工业秩序的批判。英国作家托马斯.哈代在这一时期创作的《远离尘嚣》，便是这一类型的代表作之一。
本文主要从三个方面揭示工业文明与传统农业文明之间的矛盾以及工业革命对农业文明造成的破坏。首先，本文介绍作者托马斯.哈代的和作品《远离尘嚣》的基本信息，包括故事情节和主要人物性格等；第二部分陈述工业革命的兴起以及其对英国社会各方面产生的深刻影响；第三部分分析工业革命对《远离尘嚣》创作的直接影响以及反映，包括工业革命特质在小说的人物性格和环境描写中的体现。最后，本文得出结论,工业革命的兴起及其对传统农业文明的侵蚀是小说创作的直接原因，而反过来，小说的主题正是表达对农业文明的怀念以及对工业文明的批判。

关键词：工业革命；农业文明；影响；反映