摘要：

弗洛伊德是精神分析学派的创始人，从二十世纪开始，他的精神分析理论在不同程度上影响着许许多多的作家。他把心理学的研究深入到了人们的精神世界，为心理学的发展奠定了良好的基础。本文根据弗洛伊德的精神学说，分析英国女作家多丽丝•莱辛的短篇小说《第十九号房》中的女主人公的心理特征。女主人公虽然拥有理智基础上的婚姻，但是，在繁杂的家庭生活中，这位知识女性的“本我、自我、超我”的纠结使她迷失了自我，最终导致悲剧的发生。作者通过分析女主人公的心理历程，说明心理危机已经成为现代女性生活的一个重要难题，因而我们应给予其足够的重视。

关键词：弗洛伊德；精神分析；知识女性；心理特征

Abstract:
As the founder of psychoanalysis, Freud created the Freudian psychoanalysis which has a great influence upon many writers in various degrees. At the same time Freud probed psychoanalysis into the mental process of human being, which made a solid foundation of psychology. Through the perspective of Freudian psychoanalysis, this paper aims to discuss the psychological characteristics of the female protagonist in the short story To Room Nineteen, written by the English writer Doris Lessing. The female protagonist built her marriage upon intelligence, but she gradually lost herself in the chaos of the family life for her contradiction of Id, Ego and Superego, which lead to her tragic ending. By analyzing the mental process of the female protagonist we could find that mental crisis is a serious problem of modern women, which calls for much attention.

Key words: Freud; psychoanalysis; intellectual woman; mental characteristics

1.    Introduction
With the development of modern society the female play a more and more essential role in their career. There is no doubt that they have the knowledge and abilities to deal with all kinds of problems in society. However, they have to give up their career to return to the family when their families need them, in result a series of self-recognition problems appear.
Because of the relatively high status more expectations and demands lead the female to have some psychological pressure. We could explain the psychological pressure according to the Freudian psychoanalysis.