从观念视点角度研究预设意图_英语论文

Presuppositional Intention from an Ideological Point of View

摘要

预设是蕴含在话语中能同时被交际双方接受的共同信息或命题，这是交际话语产生的语用前提，亦或能根据语境推断出的语用推论。观念视点是指叙述者对具体语篇的观念、立场和态度。观念视点通常蕴含在预设之中，涵盖了言者的世界观、价值批判、宗教信仰和政治倾向，不仅在语言的生成和理解中起支配和制约作用，而且会影响听者的反映和理解。本论文从广告用语、新闻标题和法庭询问语用文本案例出发，从观念视点角度阐释预设意图。

关键词：观念视点；预设；语言理解

Abstract

Presupposition is the common ground or proposition which is acknowledged or accepted by both narrator and reader, or speaker and addressee, usually the implicit information , a topic or pragmatic inference that can be inferred from certain context; it is the basic pragmatic precondition of communications. Ideological point of view refers to narrator’s personal understanding, position and attitudes towards specific discourse. Ideological point of view is usually embedded in presuppositions and plays a dominant and restricting role in the language production and comprehension, embodying worldview, value criticism, religion and political inclination. This thesis expounds presuppositional intention from an ideological point of view by analyzing practical examples of advertisement languages, news headlines and courtroom inquiries.

Key words：point of view; Presupposition; language understanding

Contents

Introduction 1

1. Presuppositional Intention 3

1.1 Definitions of Presupposition 3

1.2 Classification of Presupposition 3

1.2.1 Semantic Presuppsition 4

1.2.2 Pragmatic Presuppsition 4

1.2.3 Relationship between Semantic and Pragmatic Presuppsition 4

1.3 The Characteristics of Pragmatical Presuppositon 5

1.3.1 Felicity Condition 5

1.3.2 Common Ground 5

1.3.3 Subjectiveness 5

1.3.4 Latency 6

1.4 Presupposition Triggers 6

2. Ideological Points of View 6

2.1Definitions of Ideological Point of View 6

2.2 Language Forms of Ideological Points of View 7

2.2.1 Markers 7

2.2.2 Modality and Style 7

2.3 Main features of Ideological Point of View 7

2.3.1 Egocentrism of Viewpoint-taking 7

2.3.2 Interactionism of Viewpoint-taking 8

3. Relationships between Ideological Points of View and Presuppositional Intension 8

3.1Theoretical Analysis 8

3.2Pragmatic Analysis 9

3.2.1 Courtroom Inquiries 10

3.2.2 News Headlines 11

3.2.3 English Advertisement Language 12

3.3 Experimental Evidence 13

Conclusion 14

References 16