摘要

很久以来，人们就认识到了隐喻在人类交际和生活中的作用。隐喻最初是被视为一种词的问题，作为一种修辞手段。随着时代的推移，掀起了一股隐喻研究热潮，语言学、心理学、符号学、哲学等学科都把隐喻作为研究对象。而莱考夫和约翰逊则将隐喻研究推向一个新的起点。他们认为隐喻的本质是一种认知现象。这一观点现在被隐喻研究者们接受。隐喻普遍存在于普通人的日常话语。而情感作为人类最普遍最重要的人生体验，人们则将其隐喻化，从而进行生动形象地描述。情感隐喻源于身体体验，同时也受所在文化的影响。本文对英汉日常语言中的情感隐喻进行收集、归纳、分析，主要研究中英在情感表达中隐喻的使用的异同，挖掘出不同民族语言中隐喻的文化内涵。

关键词：情感隐喻; 相似点; 不同点; 跨文化

Abstract

For a long time, people have realized the important role metaphor played in their communication and life. Metaphor, a type of rhetoric, was regarded as a matter of speech study. Many disciplines such as linguistics, psychology, symbology, philosophy and so on，performed much research on metaphor. Meanwhile, Lakoff and Johnson lifted this study to a historic new start. They believed metaphor was a cognitive phenomenon in nature. This view is now basically accepted by scholars. Metaphor is ubiquitous in people’s conversation. As the most common and important experience of human beings, emotion is always conceptualized to express itself vividly. The conceptual metaphors of emotions stem from bodily experience, and are affected by the culture they rooted in. This thesis collects, concludes and analyses the emotional metaphors in daily language, aiming to study the similarities and differences in emotional metaphors from culture perspectives, so as to dig out the connotation of metaphor in languages.

Key words: emotional metaphor; similarities; differences；cross-culture

1. Introduction

The academic circles have been researching metaphor for a long history. From Aritotle in 300BC to Quintillian, from Richards and Jacobson in 1930s to Lakoff and Johnson in 1970s, they all take continuous efforts on the metaphor research.The word “metaphor” is from the Greek word “metaphora” derived from “meta” meaning “over” and “pherein”, “to carry”. The interest in metaphor has gradually developed from the traditional rhetoric to a broad range of discipline: linguistics, philosophy, psychology, cognitive science, anthropology, semantics, as well as symbology and foreign language education. Since the time of Aristotle, metaphor was referred to as novel instances of poetic language.