Abstract

Charles Dickens is the greatest representative of British critical realism, and Oliver Twist is his first novel that comes under the heading of critical realism which reflects the darkness of the real society and completely expresses the goodness and evil. Dickens used the individualized language in Oliver Twist to make the imagination of people of all ranks and their characters clearer. In order to help readers have a better understanding, this thesis tries to use personality psychology to analyze the character of the figures in Oliver Twist and the social reality it reflects from the perspective of the influence of the social environment on the characteristic development. It focuses on the personal change of the protagonist Oliver under a variety of life experiences and Nancy’s dual personality and her spirit. Combined with the author’s own personality, experience and writing characteristics, the fate of the characters and the attitude of social reality can be clear. It can help to have a clear opinion on the charm of Dickens’ literary creation and his moral conception.

Key words: Oliver Twist  personality psychology  social environment characteristic development

摘 要

《雾都孤儿》是英国作家狄更斯的第一部社会批判小说，揭露和鞭挞了资本主义社会的黑暗和虚伪。狄更斯在《雾都孤儿》中运用个性化语言使社会各阶层的形象和人物性格更加分明。为了帮助读者能够更好的理解该著作，本文试图从社会环境对人物性格发展的影响角度，运用人格心理学分析《雾都孤儿》中人物的性格以及所反映的社会现实，侧重于研究主人公奥利弗在各种人生经历下性格的转变和所处社会环境对他的性格影响以及南希的双重性格分析和她在种种磨难下精神的升华，结合作者自身个性，经历和写作特点进一步审视作品中的人物命运，表达作者对现实社会的态度从而可以进一步了解狄更斯文学创作的魅力和他着意渲染的道德理念。

关键词：雾都孤儿  人格心理学  社会环境  性格发展

1 Introduction
Oliver Twist is a realistic novel written by British writer Charles Dickens and published in 1838. It is one of Charles Dickens’s masterpieces, which has taken up an important position in literature. Nowadays, the researches of Oliver Twist are widely carried out at home and abroad. Many universities in China carried out relevant researches on Oliver Twist. Pan Qiulin and Peng Xiaoqiang gave an introduction to the specific characters of figures in each stage of Dickens’s writing. Gilbert Keith Chesterton in 1911 had published Appreciations and Criticisms of the Works of Charles Dickens. And they analyzed the works of Charles Dickens from different point of views.