摘要

在辉煌灿烂的20世纪英国文坛上，劳伦斯一直吸引着众多学者的研究目光。《儿子与情人》是劳伦斯的第一部重要的作品，被文学界看作是一部带有自传色彩的长篇小说，因为其故事内容取材于劳伦斯的早年生活，许多人物是基于现实人物而创造的。许多学者通过《儿子与情人》来了解劳伦斯的童年生活以及他和父母的关系，他是第一位将恋母情结写进小说的作家，突破了传统的创作手法。但由于这部作品涉及到了当时社会不可接受的主题，被列入了禁书的目录。但这并不影响学者对《儿子与情人》中所体现的恋母情结的研究热情。
小说中儿子始终未能摆脱对母亲的特殊情感，不能逃离母亲对其的影响，而母亲对儿子保罗的母爱也超出了正常的范围。劳伦斯通过这样一个故事展示了西方世界中带有普遍意义的社会，政治及家庭问题。《儿子与情人》中儿子保罗与母亲莫瑞尔之间的不寻常的母子关系体现在小说中的每一个细节，这种关系的形成是有多方面的原因的。家庭环境是造成保罗恋母情结的首要原因，家庭的不和睦以及父亲的粗鲁，使孩子们对父亲产生了憎恶的情绪，再加上对母亲的疼惜创造了恋母情结形成的条件。同时，残酷无情的资本主义工业化摧残了人们精神上的健康发展，破坏了家庭的幸福，扭曲了正常的母子及父子关系。小说中细节之处所展现的恋母情结和恋母情结形成的原因是本文的重点。本文将从家庭原因及社会原因两个方面来剖析恋母情结的形成。

关键词：恋母情结，弗洛伊德，资本主义工业化，家庭因素，社会因素 

Abstract

D. H. Lawrence is an outstanding English novelist of the twentieth century, he attracted many scholars’ attentions. Sons and Lovers is his first important long novel, it is regarded as a autobiographical novel because the plot is based on Lawrence’s early life, and characters in the novel is created according to real people who play roles in Lawrence’s life. Many scholars try to study Lawrence’s childhood and his relationship with his parents through Sons and Lovers. Lawrence is the first novelist who wrote Oedipus Complex into a literature work and break the traditions. The novel, however, was listed in the forbidden books because it involves some unacceptable topics socially. But this does no harm on the enthusiasm of the scholars on the study of Oedipus Complex embodied in Sons and Lovers.
In the novel, the son Paul cannot get rid of the special feeling towards his mother, he cannot escape from the influence of his mother. For his mother, the mother love also beyond the normal range. Through this story, Lawrence tries to show the universal problem in society and family in western world. In Sons and Lovers, the abnormal relationship between Paul and Mrs. Morel embodied in every detail, the formation of this relationship is contributed by many reasons. Family environment is the leading reason of Oedipus Complex, the children produced abhor emotions towards their father because of the inharmony of family and the rudeness of his father, in addition, the compassion towards their mother contribute to the Oedipus Complex. Meanwhile, the merciless capitalist industrialization destroys the sound spiritual development, distorts the normal relationships between parents and children. In the novel the Oedipus complex embodied in details and the forming of Oedipus complex is the key of this essay. This paper will analyze the Oedipus complex formation from the aspects of family reasons and social reasons.

Key words: Oedipus Complex, Freud, Capitalist Industrialization, family reasons, social reasons