Abstract

    Being widely known as an outstanding novelist of the Victorian age and an important role in the world literature, Charles Dickens is distinctive among canonical English language masters in popular culture, leaving us not only many masterpieces but also large numbers of impressive orphan characters created in his novels. Orphans in his work stick to hope in the dark and show their morality developments through all kinds of dilemmas.
This paper mainly studies orphan’s morality development in Dickens’ works. And it presents Dickens’s works compared with the writer's own experiences and his environment at that time. It researches through the literary critics and describes morality development of orphans. And the paper aims to arouse people’s morality development in the current society. No matter how dark the world is, orphans become brave, hopeful and contented eventually.
    The morality development has been portrayed vividly through the major orphans in his novels and served as a weapon to criticize the darkness of the society, putting people into deep thoughts of the human nature as well.

Keywords: Charles Dickens; orphans; morality development; literary critics

摘要

狄更斯常被喻为是世界文坛的不朽传奇，维多利亚时代的常青树。他在主流
文化中独树一帜，堪称经典，许多孤儿形象也跃然在他的作品中。
在狄更斯笔下，孤儿们都坚守道德底线,在黑暗中守望光明,经历道德的成长与蜕变。论文主要分析了孤儿们的道德成长问题,结合狄更斯生平经历和当时的环境背景介绍了其作品和作品主题；其次通过批判现实主义研究孤儿的道德成长，并藉着孤儿们在黑暗中的守望来呼吁人们在如今时代道德上的持守。无论境遇多么艰难，孤儿们自身的道德成长，显示了勇敢、信心、知足胜过懦弱，绝望与贪婪。
在狄更斯笔下，孤儿们的道德蜕变体现的淋漓尽致，经历风雨依然可以有美丽的守望。这犹如一支利剑穿透社会的黑暗现实，引发人们对自身道德的思索。

关键词：狄更斯；孤儿形象；道德成长；批判现实主义