摘要：

作为一位现代小说家，福克纳用毕生心血创作出享誉世界的约克纳帕塔系列小说。该系列小说以美国南方大家庭没落这一过程中人们的矛盾与痛苦为叙述主体，深刻再现了美国南方的历史变迁以及在变迁中人们的精神蜕变。《喧哗与骚动》就是其中的一部。这部小说主要讲述了曾经一度繁华的美国南方大家族—康普生家族，共分四部分，每部分都是分别由一个不同的人在不同的时间进行讲述。作为讲述者，他们的所见所闻都展现了康普生家族从兴盛走向衰落的历史过程。作为主人公，他们的存在、性格以及心理和精神状态都反映出整个家族、甚至是美国南方的衰落。本文通过弗洛伊德精神分析理论中的人格理论和心理防御机制来分析小说中康普生兄弟姐妹的人格和人格冲突以及这些冲突的根源。

关键词：人格；心理防御机制；人格冲突；性格

Abstract:

As a modern novelist, Faulkner dedicated his life to the creation of Yoknapatawpha County novels that are famous all over the world. This series of novels are based on the miseries and contradictions among the people during the course of the  from prosperity to decay and the collapse of the old traditions, which also deeply reproduces the historical changes in the American South and spiritual decay among the young people. The Sound and the Fury is one of them. The novel mainly tells us an ever-prominent family—Compsons in the American South in four chapters, with each chapter told by a different person on a different day. As narrators, what they see shows the historical process of the Compson family from prosperity to decay. As the protagonists of the novel, their existence, characteristics and mentality reflect the decay of the whole family, even the whole American South. This paper analyzes the personality conflicts and the roots of these conflicts in The Sound and the Fury with the  Freudian psychoanalysis theories of personality structure and psychological defense mechanism.

Key words: personality structure; psychological defense mechanism; personality conflicts; character