[摘 要]:

托马斯·哈代是英国维多利亚时期一位重要的小说家和诗人，《还乡》是他一系列“性格与环境”小说中较有代表性的一部作品，也是他创作转型期的著作。自1878年出版以来，《还乡》受到了评论界及读者们的广泛关注。评论家们从不同角度对该作品进行了研读。本文将围绕女主人公游苔莎·维尔的悲剧命运展开研究。美丽的游苔莎出生在一个海滨城市蓓口，他的父亲是乐队的指挥。游苔莎自小在蓓口生活并接受教育，直到父母先后去世，她不得已才跟随年迈的外祖父来到埃格顿荒原居住。但是，从一开始她就与荒原格格不入，视它为“牢笼”和自己的“冥国”，一直想的是如何逃离。因此，在这里让她原本就抑郁的性格变得更沉闷孤寂了。她将所有的希望都寄托在嫁一个好男人身上，以为这样就可以依靠丈夫离开荒原，过上她想要的生活。然而，她的计划一次次失败，先是戴蒙·韦狄放弃她娶了荒原女孩托玛沁·姚伯为妻，然后是从巴黎归来的克林·姚伯也下定决心留在荒原，并最终由于用眼过度几近失明，不得不靠砍荆棘为生。这样的变动让游苔莎彻底失望了，为了达成理想，她决定做最后一搏一跟韦狄离开埃格顿荒原。但也就是在他们计划离开的那天夜里，荒原上风雨交加，他们二人双双落水身亡。

[关键词]:《还乡》;游苔莎;进化论;女权主义;精神分析;悲剧命运

Abstract：

Thomas Hardy was a famous novelist and poet in the Victoria period. The return of the Native was a representative of his “character and environment novels”, and it was a work in the turning point of Hardy’s creation. This novel has aroused wide concern of the critical circles and readers since its publication in 1878. The critics studied this novel from various aspects, and this thesis will interpret the role Eustacia’s tragic fate once more .The novel narrated the whole thing happened on Egdon Heath from the angle of a third person .As an out corner, the conflict between Eustacia and the heath was rather intense ,she never thought about how to adapt to the life here ,on the contrary ,she was just eager to get away .she fought with the tradition to fulfill her dream ,but in that society she had little chance to succeed .In that society ,the female didn’t have independent economic and social status ,and they even had no independent personality.

Key Words: The return of the Native；Eustacia；natural；Feminism； Psychoanalytic Criticism；tragic fate

1. Introduction
Thomas Hardy was the critical realist at the turn of the 19 century and the leader of modernism in the 20 century. The return of the Native was probably begun at the end of 1876 and completed in the spring of 1878; it was the sixth novel of Thomas Hardy. The accept valuation of this work is that it is his first major novel, and it is a symbol of Hardy’s change from comedy into tragedy. In this novel, he gave up the humorous and light tone, and began to use heavy and cruel works to create complex tragedy. Eustacia is the leading female character in the Return of the Native, and her tragic fate has attracted large number of critics’ interests since the novel’s publication. They apply different critical approaches to analyze it from various aspects. This thesis intends to explore the tragedy of the heroine Eustacia in the novel The Return of the Native by application of Darwinism, Feminism and Psychoanalytic Criticism.