论文化制度框架内儿童本我意识之突围-对比《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》和《看上去很美》_英语论文

Discussion about Children’s Self-consciousness Revolt Against the Cultural Institution—Comparative Study on The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and Little Red Flower 

摘要

马克•吐温其人，作为美国文学史上最最卓越的作家，深谙美国现实生活，他的现实主义的语言和幽默的笔法无疑是他无数光环中最闪耀的一环。豪威尔斯曾经盛赞马克•吐温：“克莱门先生是第一个拓展了写作时尚的作家，当新鲜的事物进入他的脑海的时候毫无畏惧。”马克•吐温的作品受到了来自外界的各种各样的关注，特别是《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》和《汤姆•索亚历险记》，这两部反映儿童生活的作品。王朔,众所周知的“痞子”，是中国当代文坛上和徐星，刘索拉，方方，池莉等齐名的后起之秀，和马克•吐温风格迥然不同，他因出版了“顽主”系列小说而出名，如《阳光灿烂的日子》和《看上去很美》，然而和马克•吐温的相似的是，他们的作品都涉及到了儿童成长主题。

本论文将试着从两部作品的相同点和不同点出发，通过分析作品中主人公的性格，环境成因，和隐藏在作品中的深层次的主题，运用福柯的身体理论揭示儿童在成长过程中，对于限制自我意识发展的种种框架，是如何在规训中突围成功的，并分析其中的原因，挖掘作品中真正隐藏的价值。

关键词：《哈克贝利费恩历险记》；《看上去很美》；儿童本我意识；文化制度；福柯身体理论

Abstract

Mark Twain, one of the great writers of American literature, is admired for capturing typical American experiences in the language which is realistic and humorous. Howells has saying like this: “so far as I know, Mr. Clemens is the first writer to use in extended writing the fashion we all use in thinking, and to set down the things that comes into his mind without fear or favor of the thing that went before or the thing that may be about to follow.” Most critical attention has been given to the remarkable achievement of Twain, especially two children: Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. Wang Shuo, a contemporary Chinese writer, became famous when he published a series of fictions with a rebellious character, especially In The Heart of Sun and Little Red Flower. 

In order to explore the differences and the same points between Twain’s masterpiece and Wang Shuo’s fiction, this essay, taking the basis of Foucault’s Body Theory, will expose the character, living environment and interpersonal relationship hidden deeply in the works between the figures, so as to find the truly reasons for the breakout of children’s self consciousness within cultural institution and dig the value behind the words. 

Key words: The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn, Little Red Flower, children’s self consciousness, cultural institution, Foucault’s Body Theory

Contents

Abstract i

摘 要 ii

1.Introduction 1

1.1 Brief Introduction of Mark Twain and Wang Shuo 1

1.1.1 Life Experience 1

1.1.2 Literary Achievements 2

1.2 Brief Introduction of the Target Works2

1.2.1 Main Content 3

1.2.2 Social Status and Influence 3

2.Foucault’s Body Theory and Usage in the Target Works 5

2.1 Foucault’s Body Theroy.5

2.2 Character Analysis of Fang and Huckleberry6

2.3 The Similarity of the Figures’ Character 7

3.Figures’ Living Environment 8

3.1 The Social Environment 8

3.1.1 The Systematism of the Environment 8

3.1.2 The Historical Background Information 9

3.2 The Interpersonal Relationship 9

3.2.1 Huck’s Interpersonal Relationship 9

3.2.2 Fang’s Interpersonal Relationship 12

4.The Analysis of Children’s Revolt against Environment 12

4.1 The Development of Finn and Fang’s character 12

4.1.1 Early Development 13

4.1.2 Growing Revolt Consciousness Peroid 13

4.1.3 The Later Period of Revolt 14

5.Conclusion 16

Bibliography 17

Acknowledgements 18