中国女性职场拒绝言语行为策略研究-以影视剧《丑女无敌》为例_英语论文  

A Pragmatic Study on Chinese Women’s Refusal Speech Act in the Workplace--A Case Study of Ugly Lin Wudi

摘要

拒绝言语行为是一种对别人的邀约、请求等表现出的不合作的状态，包括直接拒绝言语行为和间接拒绝言语行为。直接言语行为顾名思义就是直接拒绝的方式，间接拒绝言语行为一般采用较为委婉的方式进行拒绝。拒绝言语行为在生活中极为常见，但其本质是有损面子的一种行为。在日常生活，商业谈判，外交交际中，人们常采用不同的拒绝策略来避免或缓解尴尬局面谋求人际关系的和谐。 

现阶段中外对拒绝言语行为的研究，多集中于中外拒绝策略的对比，却很少集中研究中国女性在职场环境下的拒绝言语行为研究。因此，笔者从职场环境下分析女性拒绝言语行为。定性分析和定量分析是语篇分析中常用的两种方法。这两种方法是互补的。定性分析是定量分析的基础。定量分析可以使定性分析更加准确和科学。笔者采用两种方法，通过在线观看中国职场背景电视剧《丑女无敌》，记录女性的拒绝言语行为，集中分析拒绝行为，以拒绝言语行为理论，礼貌原则和面子原则为指导理论，研究中国职场女性的拒绝言语行为的特点，影响女性拒绝语言行为的因素等。

关键词：拒绝言语行为；职场女性；礼貌；面子

Abstract

Refusal speech act is a state of noncooperation to other’s invitation and request, including direct refusal speech act and indirect refusal speech act. The direct refusal speech act is to express refusal directly, but the indirect refusal speech act generally uses the more polite way to express the rejection. We often use refusal actions in our daily lives, but it is a behavior which often makes someone lose their faces. In order to reduce the awkward situations and set up concordant interpersonal relations, people try to use different strategies to express their refusal on work and life. 

At present, Chinese and foreign studies on refusal speech acts more focus on the differences of refusal strategies between the people who come from different culture, but rarely pay attention to the refusal speech acts of Chinese office ladies. Therefore, the author tries to analyze women's refusal speech acts who are in the workplace environment. 

Qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are two common methods which are used in discourse analysis. These two methods are complementary. Qualitative analysis is the foundation of quantitative analysis. Quantitative analysis can make qualitative analysis more accurate and scientific. The author uses those two way to collect data and watches TV drama Ugly Lin Wudi which is under the background of working and records all refusal speech acts of women to analyze refusal speech act. Speech act theory, politeness principle and the face theory as the guiding theory, the author studies the characteristics of women’s refusal speech act and the influence factors which impact women’s refusal behaviors.

Key words: refusal speech act; office ladies; politeness principle; face theory

Contents

Abstract i

摘 要 ii

 1  Introduction 1

 2  Literature Review 2

2.1 The Introduction of Ugly Lin Wudi 2

2.2 An Overview of Refusals 3

2.2.1 The Definitions of Refusal 3

2.2.2 The Characteristics of Refusal 3

2.2.3 Studies on Refusal Speech Act at Home and Abroad 4

3 Theoretical Foundations 7

3.1 Speech Act Theory 7

3.1.1 The Beginning of Speech Act Theory 7

3.1.2 The Development of Speech Act Theory 8

3.2 Politeness Theory 9

3.2.1 The Beginning of Politeness Theory 9

3.2.2 The Development and Perfection of Politeness Theory 9

3.3 Face Theory 10

3.4 The Classifications of Refusal Strategies 11

4 Research Results and the Analysis 13

4.1 The Data of Refusals in Ugly Lin Wudi 13

4.2 Statistical Results of Chinese Women Refusal Strategies 14

4.3 Politeness Adopted in the Refusal Strategies 14

4.3.1 Refusal Strategies without Politeness—Direct Refusal Strategies 14

4.3.2 Positive Politeness Strategies—Indirect Refusal Strategies 15

4.3.3 Negative Politeness—Indirect Refusal Strategies 18

4.4 Motivations of Refusal Strategies in Ugly Lin Wudi 21

4.4.1 Social Distance 21

4.4.2 Relative Power 22

4.4.3 Collectivism and Individualism 23

5 Conclusion 25

Bibliography 26

Acknowledgements 28