摘 要

 威廉•福克纳是美国现代文学史上最重要的作家之一，而《献给艾米莉的一朵玫瑰花》则是福克纳短篇小说中的经典。在有限的篇幅内，作者以曲折丰富的情节、激烈的矛盾和冲突，以及丰满的人物刻画向读者展现了美国南方社会的真实缩影，且将读者引向更深的社会思考。而美国南方特有的历史文化背景滋养了独特的南方哥特式小说风格，《献给艾米莉的一朵玫瑰花》则是典型的哥特式小说。本文共五部分。第一部分主要介绍作者及本小说，文献综述，研究目的及结构。第二部分从多方视角来看本小说的哥特式风格。第三和第四部分讲述主人公艾米莉和她的父亲、情人荷马•拜伦以及黑人奴仆，从而来剖析艾米莉的性格及其死因。最后则是总结部分，总结了前文，深化了主题，并最后指出本研究所存在的不足之处，并提出未来研究的希望。

关键词：威廉•福克纳；哥特式；叙事风格；性格分析

Abstract

William Faulkner was one of the most important American writers in modern literature history. A Rose For Emily was the masterpiece of Faulkner’s short stories. The author used dramatic plot, aggressive conflicts and abundant character’s description to present a real Southern American life to the readers within a limited context. And it leads readers to a deep thought of the whole society. The Gothic style of story was richened by the unique cultural background of Northern America. Therefore, A Rose For Emily is a typical Gothic style story. This thesis can be divided into five parts. The first chapter mainly introduces the author and A Rose For Emily, the literature review on this short story and the purpose of this study as well as the structure of this paper. The second chapter is to analyze the Gothic style in multi-person point of view. The third and fourth parts are the narration of heroin Emily, her father, her lover Homer Barron and the Negro servant successively for the sake of analyzing the disposition of Emily and the reasons of her death. In the conclusion part, it comes to a brief summary and sublimation of the subject and it point out the limitations of this study. At the same time, it also puts forward some potential for future study.

Key words: William Faulkner; Gothic style; narrative skills; character analysis

1 Introduction
1.1 William Faulkner and his work A Rose For Emily
William Faulkner was a distinguished and one of the most important writers in Southern literature in the United States, who wrote novels, short stories, a play, poetry, essays and screenplays during his career. He is primarily known and acclaimed for his novels and short stories, many of which are set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County.
The story also takes place in Faulkner’s fictional city, Jefferson, Mississippi, in the fictional county of Yoknapatawpha County. In this short story, Emily Grierson is the protagonist and it adopts the method of flashback, describing Emily’s death in the beginning and end and her life in the middle.