Abstract

   With the development of our society, the communications amid different countries are becoming increasingly frequent. One global subject, namely cross-cultural communication, emerges because of inherent demand, which seeks to classify countries into different categories according to their unique culture characteristics and tries to ascertain some commonly-shared characteristics. This paper will mainly analyze the movie Nuremberg trials on the basis of Individualism-Collectivism Theory, Face-Negotiation Theory as well as Cultural Convergence Theory. Individualism-Collectivism Theory is mainly concerning one issue “an individual and their groups, which one carries more importance?” Face-Negotiation Theory also focuses on one issue: the way they employ to deal with mutual face conflicts: other-oriented face-saving strategies or self-oriented face-saving strategies? The cultural Convergence Theory bases its emphasis on that in a totally closed circumstance, disparate cultures tend to blend and create a new culture to adapt all people there in a certain period of long time. If time is pressing, the expected culture may not come into being. After this paper’s analysis, we can safely reach a conclusion that the American, the British and the French are the people who believe firmly in individualism and hold unconsciously the self-oriented face-saving strategies; while the U.S.S.R. are typically featured by collectivism, other-oriented face-saving strategies people. This paper is bound to be helpful in our further understanding regarding the French, British, USA and U.S.S.R.. In the analytical process, contemplation, meditation and pondering concerning their respective culture and their histories will involve, which definitely will better our contact with them in cross-cultural communication.

Key Words : Cross-cultural communication；culture roots；Nuremberg Trials

摘  要

跨文化交际根据不同国家的文化特点来进行分类分析研究，并寻找不同国家的文化之间的共同点。本文是运用跨文化交际中的个人主义-集体主义理论，面子协商理论和文化趋同理论对影片《纽伦堡审判》进行分析。个人主义-集体主义理论关注的是个人更加注重个人意愿还是集体意愿；面子协商理论是根据人们对处理面子冲突的方式进行分类，分析，其中分为他人取向的面子保留策略和自我取向的面子保留策略。文化趋同是指在一个封闭的环境并且在足够长的时间下，原本不同文化的人们会慢慢的形成一种专属于他们的文化，如果时间不够长，那文化呈现多样化。影片中的美国，英国和法国是典型的个人主义国家，采取自我取向的面子保留策略；而苏联是集体主义国家，则采取他者取向的面子保留策略。通过本文可以使得我们能够更好的了解美国，英国，法国和苏联的的历史文化,生活习惯等，以便我们可以更好的相互进行沟通交流，减少因文化差异引起的摩擦和矛盾。

关键词：跨文化交际；文化根源；纽伦堡审判