20世纪60年代美国摇滚乐与反文化运动分析_英语论文

Analysis on Rock Music and Youth Counterculture in the 1960s’ America

摘要

二十世纪60年代是个至关重要的十年，它持续吸引着历史学家、文化批评家。在这期间，一个突出的反主流文化的摇滚音乐形式出现在美国，摇滚音乐是现代音乐的重要形式之一。摇滚音乐对20世纪50、60年代美国的社会生活产生了重大影响，是当时美国反叛青年批判社会的载体。它挑战着美国的社会体系和传统的中产阶级的价值观。由此，美国发生了一场以青年为主体的反文化运动，运动建立了一套与主流文化格格不入的生活方式，波及到社会文化的多个领域，影响至今。更重要的是，这种动荡和混乱的时代，逐渐成为叛逆的十年。因为战争和随之而来的运动，青年文化、音乐、性别、电影等媒体都发生了明显的变化。

本文旨在研究美国当代摇滚乐爆发成一种新的音乐符号的原因和对后来青年的影响，以及摇滚音乐对反主流文化运动的影响。本文以美国当时社会背景为指导，采用了社会史的一些理论和方法，结合大量的文献资料，对这场运动的根源、发展、及影响进行了探讨，反文化运动不仅在最明显的意义上影响着美国人的衣着打扮，音乐与毒品的使用，在更深的层次上还影响了美国人的婚姻家庭观和价值观念。

关键词： 摇滚乐；反主流文化；影响

Abstract

The 1960s was a decade of pivotal importance that continued to fascinate historians and cultural critics. At this period, a conspicuous youth counterculture movement marked by Rock & Roll appeared in the USA, rock music is one of the important forms of modern music. Rock music in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century has a great influence on the American social life, which is an important carrier of social criticism among the rebellious youth. It challenged this nation’s social and political systems and values of conventional middle-class. Therefore, the counterculture happened in the United States, it based on the youth and propagated on a very wide scale. The youth counterculture established a set of life style opposite to the mainstream culture of America, and even has great effects nowadays. What’s more, this tumultuous and chaotic era gradually became the decade of rebelliousness. Youth culture, music, sex, film and other media all changed markedly because of the war and attendant movements.

This paper is to find out the reason why rock and roll burst out as a new music，and the impacts that rock music brought to the youth rebellion later.

The article directed by America social background at that time, adopts some theories and methods of social history, combines a great many academic documents, inquires into the origin, development and the influence of the youth counterculture. The movement not only takes great effects on American clothing, music, and illegal drug use, but also on American marriage, family and value views at much deeper levels.

Key Words：rock music; youth counterculture; America

Contents

Introduction 1

1. The Origin of Rock Music 2

2. The Roots of Rock Music 3

3. Causes of American Youth Counterculture 4

3.1 Economic Situation 5

3.2 A Generation Gap Between Rebellious Youth and Their Parents 5

3.3 Changes in College Education 6

3.4 Changes in Family Education 7

4. Connections Between Rock Music and Youth Counterculture 7

4.1 Alternative Ways of Expression 7

4.2 Changes of Rock Singers in Costume 8

4.3 The Reflection of Lyrics in Rock Music 8

5. Impacts of Rock Music on the American Youth 9

Conclusion 10

References 11