《地下铁道》中黑奴非暴力反抗研究_英语论文

Hunting and Running: Black Civil Disobedience in Underground Railroad

摘要

科尔森·怀特黑德是当代美国文坛的杰出人物。他的最新小说《地下铁道》被认为是目前为止，他写作生涯中最好的一部作品，并在2016年获得了美国国家图书馆奖。《地下铁道》自2016年8月首次出版后，就引起了广泛的关注，被选入了“奥普拉读书俱乐部”的推荐书目，并被当时的美国总统奥巴马列入了夏季阅读书单。

《地下铁道》以19世纪中期内战爆发前的美国为时代背景，讲述了女奴科拉的故事。科拉饱受欺凌，在黑奴西泽的劝说下，下定决心通过地下铁道逃离南方种植园，前往当时象征着自由的北方。逃离过程中，科拉历经千难万险，并展示出令人钦佩的勇气及智慧。

美国黑人的历史从一定程度上来说就是一部抗争的历史。在残暴的奴隶制度下，为了摆脱压迫、开启人生新篇章，黑人发动了许多的暴力反抗活动，同时也进行着一系列的非暴力反抗运动，其中，逃跑就是非常典型的一种方式。他们的反抗行为引起了极大的反响，并在很大程度上改变了他们自身的命运。美国内战以前，黑奴的非暴力反抗非常普遍，体现在了生活的方方面面。

关键词：逃跑；黑奴的非暴力反抗；奴隶制；地下铁道

Abstract 

Colson Whitehead is a prominent figure in the contemporary American literature and has attracted much attention at home and abroad. His novel, The Underground Railroad, which won his the National Book Award in 2016, is considered one of the best works in his writing career so far. Ever since its publication in 2016, The Underground Railroad has received widespread attention. When it was first published in the United States in August 2016, it was selected for Oprah’s Book Club, and was also chosen by president Barack Obama as one of five books on his summer vacation reading list. 

Set in the mid-nineteenth century before the Civil War, The Underground Railroad tells a story of Cora, a female black slaves, who was persuaded by another male slave, Caesar, into escaping from south to north by following the secret underground railroad in search of freedom. Cora went through a journey full of suspense, at the same time, she has also displayed an admirable level of courage and wisdom. 

The black history of the United States, to some degree, is a history of resistance. Under the cruel and brutal slavery, black launched bloody battles of violence and also a lot of civil disobedience among which running is a typical way, in the hope of getting rid of the oppression of black slavery and obtain a free new lease of life. Their ways of struggling had aroused strong repercussions in the United States and largely affected their own destiny. Embodied in almost every aspect of life, the civil disobedience was common before the American Civil War. 

Key  Words : run; black civil disobedience; slavery; the underground railroad

Contents

Acknowledgments

Abstract (Chinese) ⅰ

Abstract (English) ⅱ

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Review 2

3 Causes of black civil disobedience 5

3.1 Oppression by black slavery in America 5

3.2 The limitation of black violent resistance 8

3.3 The objectivity of black civil disobedience: social environment 10

3.4 The subjectivity of black civil disobedience: limitation of blacks’ own condition 11

4 Way of black civil disobedience: running away 12

4.1 Reasons of running away 12

4.2 Underground railroad 14

5 Conclusion 15

Bibliography 17