《时时刻刻》中的创伤与恢复_英语论文

Trauma and Recovery in The Hours

摘要

本文以《时时刻刻》中四位主人翁所处的境遇和遭遇的创伤为研究对象，进行文本细读，剖析人物创伤的具体体现，并分析创伤的恢复历程。研究发现，文中的主角之一弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫和理查德运用写作来书写自身内心的创伤从而获得对其的全新的认知，最后都选择了结束自己的生命，这在现实看来可能是过于极端的，但对于他们来说却有着积极的意义；而劳拉则为了治愈自己的创伤选择了离开家庭，抛夫弃子，这样的选择让她抱憾终生；小说中最大的赢家——克拉丽莎学会了自我反省，进行自我治疗，治愈了自身的创伤，她的经验可供现代人参考。

文中主角们的创伤经验具有一定的共性，而他们所经历的创伤事件在现代社会上也是普遍存在的，因而分析他们的创伤经历及疗法对后世有很大的借鉴意义。人们在生活中或者社会上或多或少会遇到一些问题，若这些问题得不到解决，压抑在内心久而久之便会成为内心的创伤。这时候便需要寻找治疗的方法。通过分析，本文得出的结论是：一、逃避问题不能解决问题，只会产生新的创伤；二、被动承受创伤不如主动寻求缓解方法；三、理智的自我治疗可以摆脱痛苦。

关键词：《达洛维夫人》；创伤；恢复

Abstract

This thesis relies on the traumas of main characters in the novel as study objects and on the basis of close reading of texts, analyzes the concrete evidence of characters’ traumas in order to find out the way they recover from traumas. This study found that both Woolf and Richard in the novel used the technic of writing to express their own feelings of the traumas and to have new knowledge about traumas. They all chose to die in the end. Death may seem to be an extreme choice today, while to them, it had positive significance. However, Laura left her family so as to help herself fleet from the trauma which made her regretted in all her life. Winner in this novel is Clarissa, who learnt to self-reflection and self-treatment. She finally got out of trauma and recovered herself. Clarissa’s way to cure herself may be a good sample for modern people to learn.  

The trauma experiences of the main characters in the novel have something in common and the trauma events they come across are ubiquitous in modern society so that it is significant to analyze their trauma experiences ways of recovering. People will more or less encounter problems in daily lives on in the society. If these problems can’t be solves, they will become inner traumas as time passes by. At this moment, a proper way for curing is needed. Through analysis, this thesis comes up with three conclusions. Firstly, escaping is not a good way when facing problems as it can only produce more problems. Secondly, it is better to look for ways to cure than to bear the trauma passively. Thirdly, a rational self-treatment can help get rid of pain.   

Keywords: Mrs. Dalloway, trauma, recovery

Contents

摘 要 3

Abstract 4

Acknowledgements 5

Chapter One  Introduction 2

1.1 The Hours.2

1.2 Theoretical Frameworks3

1.2.1 Trauma Theory 3

1.2.2 Psychoanalytic Theory 5

1.3 Objectivities of the Study.5

1.4 Significance of the Study.6

1.5 Structure of the Thesis7

Chapter Two  Literature Review.8

Chapter Three  Trauma in The Hours.10

3.1 Constraints from Patriarchal Culture.10

3.1.1 Woolf: Isolated from Power Structure 10

3.1.2 Laura: Confusion between Reality and Ideals 11

3.2 Woolf: Sexual Abuse.13

3.3 Clarissa: Failure in Self-identification14

3.4 Richard: Emotional Absence.15

3.5 Summary17

Chapter Four  Recovery in The Hours 19

4.1 Traumatic Writing and Death19

4.1.1 Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway 19

4.1.2 Richard: Shadow of Mother 20

4.2 Laura: Reading and Escaping21

4.3 Clarissa: Being Positive towards Life22

4.4 Summary23

Chapter Five  Conclusion 24

References 26