从合作原则的角度分析《老友记》中的幽默_英语论文

Analysis of Humor in Friends from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle

摘要

《老友记》是90年代风靡全球的情景喜剧，它充分展现了美国人独特的幽默方式，成为很多英语学习者学习英语的经典材料。幽默是人类独有的品质，在人际交往中起着非常重要的作用。但是由于文化的差异，非英语国家的人很难真正领会英语幽默的内涵，因为不同的文化背景和宗教信仰会对幽默的理解产生影响。本文主要基于语用学中的合作原则，通过分析四个准则在《老友记》中经典对白的体现，从而理解由于违反合作原则而产生的美式幽默。本文旨在提高英语学习者对语言的运用和借鉴能力，同时也能使观众们更好的理解英语的幽默。 

关键词：《老友记》;合作原则;幽默

Abstract

Friends, a sitcom, has swept around the world in 1990`s, and it has become classical learning materials for English learners in that it sufficiently presents the distinct sense of humor of Americans. Creating humorous atmosphere is unique ability for human beings. Also humor plays a significant role in interpersonal communications. However, due to different cultural background and religious belief,  people have various understanding of humor. Therefore, it is difficult for non-native speakers of English to truly aware of the implications of humor in English works. This paper is based on Cooperative Principle in pragmatics to analyze how four maxims are presented in the conversation of Friends, which subtly violates the Cooperative Principle but still facetious, to better enhance the common comprehension of American humor. Meanwhile, the aim of this paper is to improve the skills of application and appreciation of language for English learners. In addition, it can also promote the understanding of humor presenting in Friends for audience.

Keywords: Friends; cooperative principle; humor

Contents

1 Introduction of Friends.1

2 Humor1

2.1 Definition of Humor 1

2.2 Classification of Humor.2

3 Cooperative Principle3

3.1 Introduction to CP3

3.2 Four Maxims of CP4

4 CP-based Sample Analysis of Friends5

4.1 Violation of Quantity Maxim.6

4.2 Violation of Quality Maxim.6

4.3 Violation of Relation Maxim7

4.4 Violation of Manner Maxim.8

Conclusion10

Bibliography.11