爱默生《论自然》中的超验主义分析_英语论文

An Analysis of Transcendentalism in Emerson's Nature

摘要

本文旨在对爱默生的超验主义进行系统全面的研究。作为美国文学史上最伟大的思想家、作家和诗人，爱默生及其超验主义对美国文化产生了深远的影响。

本论文由四章组成。第一章详细介绍了超验主义的社会背景和理论基础。第二章重点介绍艾默生提出的最重要的概念：超灵，简述超灵概念，并分析爱默生对超灵的理解和如何实现超灵。第三章对艾默生的超验主义与中国文化中一些影响深远的思想进行比较研究，并得出结论。最后一章探讨了艾默生超验主义对美国文化的影响及其现实意义。

本文的最后一个部分总结了爱默生思想中超灵的意义。从爱默生的观点来看，超灵实际上就是让人相信直觉，相信内心。同时强调爱默生及其超验主义对美国文化的巨大影响。在世界经济全球化的背景下，各国文化受到巨大考验。故本文以《论自然》为研究对象，通过对超验主义的研究，能使人们更强调精神作用，正视精神世界，发扬个性，树立文化自信。

关键词：超验主义；爱默生；超灵；《论自然》

Abstract

This thesis aims to make a comprehensive study of Emerson's transcendentalism. As a greatest thinker, writer, and poet in American literary history, Emerson and his transcendentalism has a profound influence on American culture.

This thesis is made up of four chapters. The first chapter offers a detailed introduction of the social background and the theoretical basis of transcendentalism. The second chapter focuses on the most important notion put forward by Emerson: Over-Soul by describing the concept of Over-Soul and Emerson’s understanding of Over-soul, analyzing the ways to realize Over-Soul. The third chapter offers a comparative study between Emerson's transcendentalism and the most influential philosophy in Chinese culture, then get a conclusion. The last chapter explores the influence of Emerson's transcendentalism upon American culture and its practical influences. 

The concluding part of this thesis sums up the meaning of Over-Soul in Emerson's thoughts. From Emerson's point of view, Emerson thought Over-Soul is to trust yourself and face inward world. It also stresses the great influence Emerson and his transcendentalism brings upon American culture. In the age of globalization, the cultures of various countries have been greatly challenged. This article takes Nature as its research object in the hope that through research on transcendentalism, people can emphasize the role of the spirit, face the spiritual world, develop individuality, and be confident with their own culture.

Key words: transcendentalism; Emerson; Over-Soul; Nature;