汉语对英语句法习得的负迁移研究_英语论文

Study on Chinese Negative Transfer in English Syntactic Acquisition

摘要

由于母语和英语的不同句法系统，母语的干扰来自语言的各个层面，特别是在句法层面，不同于母语的英语句法而频频出现句法错误。母语对外语的影响被界定为语言迁移，语言迁移包括正迁移和负迁移，正迁移对语言学习者有积极的促进作用，负迁移阻碍着语言学习者的进步和信心。为了更深层次的研究母语句法负迁移对英语的干扰，本文通过分析学生习作中出现的句法错误和产生句法负迁移的因素而研究句法负迁移现象，进而提出降低句法负迁移的策略；并寻找更有效的教学策略降低母语句法的负迁移现象。 

本文由四部分组成，第一章主要对文章的背景、意义，以及文章结构做一个简单概述，第二章概述对与本文相关的基本概念和理论，包括句法负迁移、错误分析理论及国内外句法负迁移研究。第三章是本文的正文部分，包括从主谓结构、宾语、形容词、状语和存在句五方面句法错误来探讨汉语对英语句法习得的负迁移研究、句法负迁移影响因素及策略研究。第四章是结论部分，包括论文主要发现及不足之处。 

关键词：二语习得理论；母语负迁移理论；句法负迁移

Abstract

There exist different syntactic systems of Chinese and English, then Chinese learners are affected greatly by mother tongue with countless factors from every aspect, especially more in syntactic level. Thus, learners tend to make frequent syntactic errors which are different from syntax of mother tongue. For second language(SL) learners, negative transfer of syntax from native language is a striking barrier and should be probed into. Language transfer can be divided into positive transfer and negative transfer. The former presents the positive influence in SL learning while the latter is an obstacle for SL learners. To study negative transfer in syntactical level, this thesis makes a study on the negative transfer of syntax with the analysis of syntactic errors in writings in the process of second language acquisition(SLA), factors of negative transfer of syntax and strategies for it.

This thesis consists of four Chapters. The first chapter is an introduction with a brief description of background, the purpose, the significance and the organization of the thesis. Chapter Two is literature review about theoretical basis, which concerns with general views mainly on SLA, Error Analysis(EA), and previous studies on negative transfer of language at home and abroad. Chapter Three is the main body of the thesis with the detailed analysis of five types of syntactic errors in writings, the syntactic errors of subject and predicate, object, adjective, adverbial and There be structure. Chapter Four is the conclusion with limitations of the research, as well as major findings.

Key Words: Second Language Acquisition(SLA)  negative transfer of mother tongue  negative transfer of syntax