关于《蝇王》中神话原型人物及意象的研究_英语论文

On the Archetypal Characters and Images in Lord of the Flies

摘要

《蝇王》是英国小说家、剧作家、诗人威廉·戈尔丁的代表作。因为成功创作了人性恶的神话和丰富多彩的原型王国，威廉·戈尔丁于1983年获得诺贝尔文学奖，这也奠定了戈尔丁的世界声誉。《蝇王》中涉及大量的典型神话原型，基于前期大量的文献调查与研究，以及原型批评理论的综合运用，本文试图从神话原型视角来分析《蝇王》中的主要神话原型及意象，以揭示小说的美学意义和威廉·戈尔丁的写作意图。本文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。第一部分是导论，主要内容为简要概括《蝇王》各方面的研究现状，指出原型批评理论这个角度分析这本小说的意义。第二部分是正文，由三章组成。第一章主要介绍神话原型批评理论的来源，第二章和第三章为本论文的核心部分，分别论述《蝇王》中四个主要神话原型人物及三个主要神话原型意象。第三部分为结论部分，总结本文论点，点出文章主旨。

关键词：《蝇王》； 原型批评理论； 神话原型  

Abstract

Lord of the Flies is a representative work written by William Golding, a British novelist, playwright and poet. It is this book, with the perspicuity of realistic account art and the diversity and universality of myth, that enables William Golding winning the Nobel Prize (1983), which builds up his reputation all over the world. The book, Lord of the Flies, has shown a number of typical archetypes. Based on the large volumes of research and the theory of Archetypal Criticism, the author of this thesis analyzes the main characters and images involved in the book from a myth-archetypal perspective to reveal the aesthetic significance and the writing purpose of the author. The thesis can be divided into three parts— introduction, main body and conclusion. The first part is introduction which summarize the previous research of the novel briefly and points out the necessity and significance of this thesis. The second part is the main body of this paper, which is made up of three chapters. Chapter One mainly introduces the theoretical foundation of the archetypal criticism. Chapter Two and Chapter Three are the core of this paper, which focus on the four main archetypal characters and three main archetypal images respectively. The last part is conclusion which makes a summary of the preceding chapters and highlights the main purpose of this thesis as well as the importance of the archetypes in Lord of the Flies.

Key words: Lord of the Flies; Archetypal Criticism; Archetypes

Contents

Introduction 1

Chapter One A Brief Introduction to the Archetypal Criticism 2

1.1The Theoretical Foundation of Archetypal Criticism 3

1.1.1 The Frazerian Myth Theory 3

1.1.2 The Collective Unconsciousness 4

1.1.3 The Main Ideas of Archetypal Criticism 5

1.2 A Brief Introduction to the Main Archetypes in Lord of the Flies 6

Chapter Two The Main Archetypal Characters in Lord of the Flies 7

2.1 Ralph 7

2.2 Simon 8

2.3 Jack and Piggy 9

Chapter Three The Main Archetypal Images in Lord of the Flies 11

3.1 Fire 11

3.2 Conch 12

3.3 Beast 13

Conclusion 14

Bibliography 16