ABSTRACT

Tian Yan Lun was translated from Huxley’s Evolution and Ethics,and was known as “the first book of western learning”. In the process of translating, Yan Fu adopted various translation methods, such as addition, abbreviation, adaptation and notes and so on, and employed translation strategies of liberal translation and domestication. He also used the refined ancient Chinese language to express his patriotic ideas to save nation. The adoption of these methods and strategies in that special social backgrounds, made it more effectively in translating foreign academic classics to save and strengthen his nation. Besides, due to the use of these translation strategies, the quaint translation Tian Yan Lun in classical language became more intelligible and acceptable to the intended readers - literati and intellectuals, and better achieved the objective of enlightenment.

This paper, by contrasting Evolution and Ethics and Tian Yan Lun, with the knowledge of translation, searches some typical examples to specifically analyze the translation strategies that adopted by Yan Fu in Tian Yan Lun. On one hand, we will learn some translation skills by analysis of the characteristic, merits and defects of those strategies , and deepen understanding of Yan Fu and his translation thoughts. On the other hand, it will provide reference and experience to the learners that want to improve translation level and attain better translations in current farraginous translation circle.

This paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part, it gives a brief introduction of Yan Fu’s life experience and education background, the major contents and analysis methods of this paper. The second part, it summarizes the existing researches on Tian Yan Lun. The third part, it provides a brief description of major translation strategies. The fourth part, it specifically analyzes the translation strategies applied by Yan Fu in the process of translation and analyzes their characteristic, merits and defects by analysis of some typical examples.


Key words: Tian Yan Lun, translation strategy, typical examples, analysis

摘        要

   《天演论》译自英国生物学家赫胥黎的《进化论与伦理学》一书，被誉为“西学第一书”。严复在翻译此书的过程中，采用增评、删节、改编和加案语等翻译方法，运用意译和归化的翻译策略，以古汉语文言文表达自己的爱国思想和救国主张。在当时特殊的社会背景下，这些方法使严复更有效地译介外国学术名著为救国强国服务。也正是因为这些策略的使用，他的古雅译文才更容易被目标读者—士大夫和知识分子所接受，较好地实现了思想启蒙的目的。
    笔者通过对比阅读《进化论与伦理学》和《天演论》，搜集文中典型例子，利用翻译学的知识，具体分析严复在译介过程中所使用的翻译策略。一方面，总结译者翻译策略的运用特点及得失，学习其翻译技巧，加深对严复的翻译思想的认识和理解。另一方面，面对当今社会“鱼龙混杂、泥沙俱下”的翻译现状，为大家对翻译理论的学习提供参考，通过借鉴吸收先辈的翻译技巧，以译出更好的作品。
    本文主要分为四个部分，第一部份对严复的生平及其教育经历以及本文的主要内容和研究方法进行了简单介绍。第二部分对《天演论》的现有研究进行了概述。第三部分对现有的主要翻译策略理论进行了阐述说明。第四部分通过文中典型例子的分析,对严复在翻译《天演论》的过程中所运用的翻译策略及其运用特点和得失进行剖析。


关键词：《天演论》， 翻译策略, 典例, 分析