摘  要

英语里面有很多从其他语言、文化事件及历史事件衍生的英文衍生词。美国历史事件衍生词指的是那些由智者根据各种历史实践创造出来的新单词。因为中国人并不了解美国的历史，历史衍生词对中国的英语学习者来说十分难以理解。因此，学习相关历史词语对英语学习者来说事十分重要。通过对这些历史词汇的分析，笔者尝试把相关知识应用到翻译研究领域。本论文将会列举一些各个时期具有代表性的美国历史事件的衍生词，并涉及它的背景、形成以及功能。在文章后部分笔者将给出个别案例来详细的解释这些词的来历和翻译。基于前人对历史词汇的研究，本文将继续深入罗列并讨论历史词汇在翻译领域的应用。并根据分析结果给出一些建议，从而帮助读者更好的理解历史词汇，更重要的是提高翻译质量。

关键词：美国历史；衍生词；翻译

Abstract

As time goes on, there must be some new derivative English words from other language or from some cultural events or history events. Derivative word from American history refers to some brand new words created by brilliant people according to various history events in the United States. As Chinese don’t know American history well, the meaning of the derivative words are so hard for us to understand, thus making the knowledge of those words so important for English learners. With a comprehensive analysis of these words, the author will try to apply the knowledge to translation studies. This thesis will list some representations of derivative words from American history event as well as its background, formation and function. In the following part of the thesis I will do some case studies and give explicit explanation of the words and its translation. Led by the precious studies of history words, this dissertation will continue with the listing and discussion about its application to translation. Then based on the results, suggestions are proposed to achieve a better understanding of history words and thus to increase the quality of translation.

Key words: American history; derivative words; translation