摘要

思维对语言起着重要作用。由于中外思维方式的不同，汉英两种语言在诸多方面存在较大的差异。本文从汉英三种思维方式的差异出发，重点分析了主体思维和客体思维，曲线思维和直线思维，意象性思维和认知性思维的特点以及造成中外思维差异的哲学、经济和地理因素的原因。通过对汉英翻译中主语和宾语，主句和从句，散句和整句的三种句式转换的实例研究，提出对应的提高翻译的技巧。

关键词：思维方式，汉英翻译，句式转换

Abstract

Thinking mode has a great impact on language. In terms of language, Chinese and English have great differences in varied aspects due to their different thinking modes. This paper emphasizes on analyzing three couples of thinking modes: subject-oriented and object-oriented thinking, curve and lineal thinking, imagery and cognitive thinking, and gives reasons for the differences between Chinese and English thinking modes. By studying the examples of the order change of subject and object, the order change of main clause and subordinate clause, and the conversion of clauses and sentences, this paper puts forward two methods to improve the translation.

Key words：thinking mode, Chinese-English translation, sentence pattern change

1. Introduction
It is often hard for the native English speakers to understand Chinese-English translations. Actually, it is not because of our wrong translation, but because we do not make it accustomed to the English sentence patterns.
It is known that translating process starts from language and ends in language. Language by nature is the reflection of human thoughts, and thoughts in turn are the mental reflection of the world around us on the basis of some analysis, generalization, judgment and reasoning. Animals have thoughts too, but their sounds for communication are far from being language. Language is closely linked to and supported by human thoughts. That is to say, language has no reasons for its existence if there is no thought. But thoughts, though accessible by various means, are best manifested by language and can thus best fulfill its obligations to the speakers by such means. Language as an arbitrary, phonetic and morphologic semiotic and audio system of communication, has been defined as the most convincing distinctive feature of human beings.