摘  要

由于所处的时代，文化背景不同，不同国家的象征意义也是不同。要理解隐藏在字符背后的意义就需要象征手法的帮助。由于传统的象征手法具有典型特征，个人与个人的理解不同，以及国与国之间存在着差异，因此象征手法的翻译就变得有些困难。本文主要研究和探讨霍桑小说中象征手法的翻译。我们将基于前人对象征手法的研究，探讨译者是如何翻译霍桑小说中象征手法。通过分析表明，由于地域，年代以及创作环境的不同，霍桑小说中象征物也很难理解。因此不同译者在翻译象征手法的时，也会有不同想法的注入。本文主要探讨翻译象征手法的方法以及其意义。

关键词：象征手法；小说；霍桑；翻译
 
Abstract

Symbols have different meanings from era to era, age to age, culture to culture and country to country. Symbols are in fact keys to understanding meanings behind the strings of words. Since they are personally, conventionally, and archetypically idiosyncratic, their understanding and consequently their translating is not easy. The present descriptive research is an attempt to investigate the rendering of symbols in Nathaniel Hawthorn’s novels. According to the findings of the research, the translators were not completely successful in the use of symbols from English into Chinese, and based on our observations, omission was the most frequent strategy used for translating symbolism in novels. The results of the previously collected data analysis indicated that, symbols in Hawthorn’s novels can in many cases be considered difficult to translate as a result of differences in culture and personal experience and knowledge. In his novels, Nathaniel Hawthorne coveys his ideas by using carefully crafted symbols that reflect his characters’ thoughts and futures. Led by the previous studies of symbolism, this dissertation will continue with the discussion about its application to Hawthorne’s work from different aspects. The results of the collected data analysis indicated that, due to cultural gaps and personal, ethnical, and national differences, symbols in Hawthorne’s novel can in many cases be considered untranslatable.

Key words: Symbolism; Novels; Hawthorne; Translation