摘  要

随着经济全球化的快速发展，如今，人们越来越渴望了解外国文化。作为跨语言交流的一种方式，翻译在交流中发挥着不可言喻的重要作用。它不仅是语言符号间进行转换，也在文化之间转换。事实上，语言是文化的载体，反映了人类的思维过程，体现不同社会文化的形成和发展，也反映了一个民族丰富多彩的文化现象。习语包括：成语，短语，谚语，俚语格言，俗语，警句，典故和歇后语等，是一种在意义和结构上相对稳定的语言结构。习语具有强烈的民族文化特色，这也使其翻译变得困难。习语涉及到一个国家的历史典故，民俗，宗教信仰和地理环境。习语翻译时若能处理恰当，译文会因之色彩增辉，反之，会有失原文神韵和特色。本文旨在从中美文化差异以及诸如直译，意译，直译意译结合以及借用习语的基本翻译方法等几个方面简单的研究习语中的文化含义以及对习语的理解和翻译。

关键词：习语；翻译；文化差异

Abstract

These days, with the development of economic globalization, people are eager to be up on alien cultures. As a way to communicate, translation has played an incredibly important role in communications. It is not only a simple transition of the linguistic signs, but also is a transition cultures to cultures. In fact, language is an important carrier of culture and reflects the human thinking process. It reflects not only the formation and development of different social culture, but also a rich and colorful cultural phenomenon. Any language has its unique way of expression. Idiom is the essence of language, to express ideas in a cumulative extracted in social life way, and it is a culture of precipitation. Broadly speaking, idioms include: idioms, phrases, proverbs, slang, aphorisms, allusions and two-part allegorical sayings. It is a relative stable in the meaning and the structure of language. However, the idiom has a strong national characteristic of culture. This makes the translation more difficult. Idioms related to a country’s history, folk custom, religion and geographical environment. If the translation of idioms can be dealt with properly, the translation will be colorful. Otherwise, it will lose its original charm and characteristics. This thesis aims to make a study of cultural connotation existing in American and Chinese idioms and understand and translate Chinese and American idioms through cultural difference, such as literal translating, free translating and a combination of literal and free translation.

Key words: idioms; culture difference; translation