摘要

一个民族的语言和文化是密不可分、相互依存的，翻译作为语言交际, 不仅仅是语言的转换过程, 而且也是文化移植的过程。在很大程度, 它与文化因素、背景知识有很大的关系。王佐良曾说:“翻译的最大困难是两种文化的不同。”可见,解决好翻译中的文化差异问题,对于译者来说了解背景文化知识是至关重要的。习语是人们经过长期使用而提炼出来的语言精华，是一个民族文化和智慧的结晶。中文和英语语言中均含有大量的习语。习语具有鲜明的民族特性，因此它在跨文化交际中具有至关重要的地位. 然而但由于使用这两种语言的民族在地理、历史、宗教、风俗习惯以及思维方式等方面各有不同,各自的习语所传递的文化信息也就存在着差异,而这种差异便成为习语翻译的难点。本篇论文探索了两种语言的文化差异从而引出了文化、习语、与翻译之间的关系。另外还分析了翻译中的归化和异化，以及如何正确对待这两种翻译策略。最后，论文提出了一些具体的英汉习语翻译技巧。

关键词：习语；文化差异；翻译

Abstract

There is a close relationship and mutual dependence between the language and culture of a nation. Translation, as a tool for communication, is not only a transfer of linguistic symbols, but also a transfer from one culture to another. To a large extent, it has a great deal to do with the cultural factors and the background knowledge. “Differences between two cultures have been the greatest difficulty in translation.” Said Wang Zuoliang. Obviously, it is of great importance for a translator to have a good knowledge of the cultural background to solve the problem of cultural differences in translation. Idioms are the essence of a language and also the quintessence of a nation’s culture and wisdom which have been refined through ages of use. Chinese and English are both rich in idioms. Idiom has distinct national characteristic, therefore it plays a critical role in the cross-cultural communication. However, owning to differences in geographical conditions, social customs, living environment, religious beliefs, modes of thinking, historical and literary allusions and so on between Chinese and English-speaking countries, the cultural information carried by their respective idioms correspondingly shows some differences and this becomes the difficult point in idiom translation. This paper probes into the cultural differences between the two languages to reveal the relationship among culture, idiom and translation. It analyzes the concepts of domestication and foreignization and how to treat them properly. At last，it also explores the specific translation skills of English and Chinese idioms.

Key words:  idiom；cultural difference；translation