摘要：

翻译是文化交流过程中沟通不同语言的桥梁和消除语言差异的途径，而把握汉英两种语言的特色，使译作能被目标语读者和原语言读者接受较难。文化负载词是翻译过程中的一个难点。通常情况下，译者会采用直译、音译、解释性翻译和注释等手段处理文化负载词的翻译。此文以《阿Q正传》的两个英译本：杨译本和莱译本为引，研究翻译过程中中文和英文母语背景的译者在处理文化负载词时对相应翻译策略的偏好，以及各策略所起的作用。研究显示：以中文为母语的译者选择的翻译策略偏重直译法，忠实于原文，其语言也更倾向于使用正式的官方英语；而以英文为母语的译者则偏重解释性翻译法， 采用自由灵活的补充译法并借助于大量脚注，其语言则突破性的杂用美国口语甚至俚语以达到原文风格的译文再现。

关键词：文化负载词；翻译策略；译者母语背景；《阿Q正传》

Abstract：

Translation builds a bridge between different languages in culture communication; it is difficult for translators to grasp both characteristics of Chinese and English and find acceptance with source language（SL）readers and target language (TL) readers. Translating culture-loaded words is a big issue. Under normal circumstances, translation strategies such as literal translation, transliteration, paraphrase, and annotation are preferred in translating of culture-loaded words. This paper puts two English texts--The True Story of Ah Q--by Yang Hsien-yi & Gladys Yang and William A. Lyell as examples, and conducts a study on what strategies are preferred by Chinese L1 translators and English L1 translators, and how each strategy works. The study shows that as a Chinese L1 translator, Yang prefers literal translation and is loyal to the source text (ST), his language tending to be more official and formal; while as an English L1 translator, Lyell prefers to "interpretative translation"，or paraphrase and annotation which are more flexible, and his language is mixed with many American oral expressions or even slangs to achieve reproduction of the style of the source text (ST).

Key words: culture-loaded words; translation strategy; first language background; The True Story of Ah Q

1.    Introduction
This paper is intended to explore the impact of a translator’s first language (L1) background on applying translation strategies of culture-loaded words in the translation of The True Story of Ah Q，one masterpiece of Lu Xun, by means of a comparative study of its two English versions.
Actually, translating a text means transferring the linguistic parallels as well as the cultural ones in the target language. The term ‘culture’ refers to values, beliefs, tradition, social life, etc.. “Man is in one way or the other a construct of his culture, and much of his behavior, values, and goals are culturally determined. Society and culture are clearly reflected in one’s language.”This indicates language, culture, and translation are inseparable. 
There are complicated differences between Chinese culture and English culture.